公众态度和机构监督对大气污染的影响

虽然以往对于环境库兹涅兹曲线（EKC）的研究中考虑了正式制度因素如政府机构监督，但是较少考虑非正式制度因素.本文重点检验两种制度情境的影响，微观层面的环境态度形成的非正式制度以及宏观层面的环保机构监督形成的正式制度对大气污染排放量的影响.基于CGSS2010-2013和2015年的数据库，从中提取出体现环境态度的问题，将其赋值指标化后，作为制度情境纳入环境方程.经过公开数据的收集，得到我国26个省份2010-2014年5年的面板数据.通过固定效应和随机效应模型，发现机构监督与人均GDP的交互项对氮氧化物、烟（粉）尘、二氧化硫排放都有影响，但是公众态度与人均GDP的交互项只对烟（粉）尘排放有影响，从而对不同制度情境下的环境库兹涅兹曲线进行了探索.

The effect of public attitude and institute supervision on atmospheric pollution

Although some studies about Kuznets curve have investigated the formal institutional factors such as government institute supervision, they have not considered the informal institutional factors. Thus, this study focused on the effects of two kinds of institutions:the formal institutional context formed by government institute supervision on macro level as well as the informal institutional context formed by public environmental attitudes on the micro level. This study was based on the database of CGSS 2010~2013 and CGSS 2015, extracted the questions about environmental attitudes from the database, calculated its standard deviation which was included in the new environmental equation. Through collecting the other data, we finally got the valid data of 26provinces from 2010 to 2014. Using fixed effect model and random effect model, we found that the interaction between institutional supervision and economic development has effects on the emission of NO_x, dust and SO₂, but the interaction between public environmental attitude and economic development only has an effect on the emission of dust, which explores EKC in different institutional contexts.