哈尔滨市大气污染与气象因素的相关性分析

为了研究哈尔滨市大气污染特征以及气象要素对大气污染的影响,对哈尔滨市2013年采暖期及非采暖期内4种大气污染物(二氧化硫SO2、二氧化氮NO2、可吸入颗粒物PM10、细颗粒物PM2.5)日均浓度分布特征以及日均浓度与部分地面气象要素(风速、气温、气压、相对湿度)相关性进行研究.提出哈尔滨市4种大气污染物日均浓度均符合对数正态分布.采暖期和非采暖期内4种大气污染物浓度与地面气象要素的相关性存在显著差异.采暖期内,4种污染物浓度与风速显著负相关,与风速相关系数最高达-0.639;与气压和相对湿度正相关.非采暖期内,4种大气污染物均与相对湿度呈负相关,相关系数为-0.5左右,与其他3种气象要素相关性普遍不高.全年4种污染物中仅有SO2与气温呈较好负相关,相关系数为-0.4.

Analysis of relationship between air pollution and meteorological conditions of Harbin

In order to study Harbin air pollution characteristics and effects of meteorological factors on air pollution, we analyzed daily average concentration distribution of four kinds of air pollutants(SO2, NO2, PM10, PM2.5) and correlation between air pollutant concentration and some meteorological factors(wind speed, temperature, pressure, humidity) of Harbin in 2013. The results display that daily average concentration of air pollutant in Harbin is in accordance with the normal distribution. There is a significant difference between the concentration of air pollutants and the ground meteorological elements in the heating period and the non heating period. In heating period, the concentration of pollutant is negatively correlated with the wind speed, and the correlation coefficient of the wind speed is -0.639, the correlation coefficient is positive correlation with the pressure and relative humidity. During the non heating period, four kinds of air pollutants are negatively related to relative humidity, and the correlation coefficient is about -0.5.However, the other three kinds of meteorological factors are generally not high. Only SO2 is negatively correlated with temperature with -0.4 correlation coefficient.