辽河流域地下水超采的生态环境效应及治理对策研究

20世纪70年代以来,辽河流域地下水资源开采量逐渐增加,局部地区地下水严重超采,地下水位下降、地下漏斗、地下水水质超标的情况日益严重,引发了天然植被退化、海水入侵等生态问题,进一步加剧了水资源短缺,严重威胁着流域水资源的可持续利用和社会经济的可持续发展.分析辽河流域地下水超采对地下水位、水质的影响及其相关的生态问题,并提出节约用水、加强地下水和地表水资源的统一规划和统一调度、建立健全地下水动态监测系统、沿海地区充分开采利用海水、已形成严重漏斗区建设利用地下水库等相应的时策与建议.

Study on Ecological Environment Effect and Countermeasure of Excessive Mining of Underground Water in Liaohe Basin

Since 20th century 70's,it is more and more serious the problem of underground water level drops,underground funnel and underground water quality exceeding the allowed figure with more and more mining quantity of underground water.Above problems initiate many ecology questions such as the natural vegetation degenerations and sea water inbreak which intensify the problem of water resource's deficiency and seriously threaten the Sustainable usage of water resource and Sustainable Development of social economy.This paper analyses the underground water level drops,underground water quality and the ecology questions in Liaohe Basin,and then give out the corresponding countermeasure,such as saving water resources,strengthening the uniform programming and management of underground water and surface water,improving the auto monitoring system of underground water,developing the technology of changing sea water into freshwater,buinding or reusing underground reservoirs in the areas where the problem of underground funnel is very serious and so on.