制药行业VOCs排放特征及控制对策研究 ——以浙江为例

以浙江省为例,对制药行业VOCs的主要来源和特点进行了分析.采用气相色谱法,对该地区制药行业释放的VOCs作了定性和定量分析,识别出16种VOCs,分别为甲醇、丙酮、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、三乙胺、二甲基甲酰胺、醋酸丁酯、正丙醇、乙醇、异丙醇、乙腈、环氧乙烷、甲醛.通过源成分谱图,确定出不同制药类型的主要VOCs污染物.结果表明, 发酵类为丙酮(65%)、乙酸乙酯(30.41%),提取类为丙酮(56.05%)、乙酸乙酯(36.64%)、乙醇(6.97%),化学合成类为异丙醇(44.27%)、丙酮(35.39%)、乙醇(9.78%)、甲苯(3.89%),生物工程类为丙酮(60.99%)、二氯甲烷(14.77%)、乙醇(12%)、甲醛(11.91%).并对上述主要VOCs进行了优先控制排序.最后,结合该行业VOCs的排放特点,提出了制药行业VOCs有效可行的防治对策.

Studies on the emission characteristics and countermeasures of VOCs from pharmaceutical industry-Based on Zhejiang Province

Based on Zhejiang province, the main source and characteristics of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from pharmaceutical industry was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively in this paper, using Gas Chromatography (GC). Sixteen components including methanol, acetone, benzene respectively, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, three ethylamine, DMF, butyl acetate, propyl alcohol, isopropanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, ethylene oxide and formaldehyde was identified. The type of pollutant was correlated to the type of pharmaceutical process, such as fermentation, extraction, bioengineering and chemical synthesis. Results indicated that the main VOCs from various pharmaceutical process are as follows: acetone (65%) and ethyl acetate (30.41%) for fermentation; acetone (56.05%), ethyl acetate (36.64%) and ethanol (6.97%) for extraction. Isopropyl alcohol (44.27%), acetone (35.39%), ethanol (9.78%) and toluene (3.89%) for chemical synthesis. Acetone (60.99%), methylene chloride (14.77%), ethanol (12%) formaldehyde (11.91%) and for bioengineering. And the above main VOCs were sorted by their control priority. Finally, by referencing characteristics in pharmaceutical industry, effective methods to control the emission of VOCs are put forward.