事故树分析法在LPG储罐火灾爆炸事故中的应用

LPG(液化石油气)属于危险化学品之一,LPG储罐发生火灾爆炸的机率大,造成的损失比较严重,故对其火灾爆炸事故进行研究具有重要意义。LPG储罐爆炸根据其发生机理分为化学爆炸(燃爆)和物理爆炸两种模式。本文通过对LPG储罐燃爆﹑物理爆炸两类事故进行系统分析,建立了以LPG储罐燃爆、物理爆炸为顶事件的事故树。通过对其事故树的定性分析,得到了影响顶事件的各个最小割(径)集。通过计算底事件的结构重要度,确定了影响LPG储罐火灾爆炸事故的主要因素,并提出了相应的改进措施,进而提高LPG储罐的安全性和运行可靠性。

Application of fault tree analysis on fire and blast accidents of LPG tank

LPG（Liquefied petroleum gas） is one of the usual dangerous chemicals.Contrast to the common chemical container,the chance of fire and blast accidents caused by LPG tank are larger,which means accidents caused by LPG tank will give rise to great losses and severe damages.So the study on the fire and blast accidents of LPG tank has a great significance.In view of the causation,the LPG tank accident can be classify into two different models,one is destruction of the chemical,the other is physical fire and explosion.In this paper the two types of accident of the LPG tank were analyzed,whick focused on the factors that cause fire and blast accident and physical blast accident of the LPG tank.The fault trees model was established with fire and blast accident and physical blast accident of the LPG tank as the top event.Through the qualitative analysis of these fault trees,all the minimum cut-sets affecting the top event were obtained.By calculating structure importance degree of the basic event,the primary factors which affect the accident of the LPG storage tank were confirmed.According to these results,corresponding measures were put forward so that the safety and reliability of LPG tanks could be ensured and improved.