臭氧预氧化对藻细胞及胞外分泌物消毒副产物生成势的影响

以处于对数生长期后期的悦目颤藻为研究对象,研究了藻细胞及胞外分泌物对氯化消毒副产物生成势(DBPFP)的贡献,以及臭氧预氧化对DBPFP的影响规律,即不同臭氧投量及预氧化时间对DBPFP的影响,并探讨臭氧预氧化控制消毒副产物生成势的原因.研究表明,藻细胞和胞外分泌物的三卤甲烷类副产物都主要是氯仿和一溴二氯甲烷,卤乙酸类副产物都主要是二氯乙酸和三氯乙酸.颤藻细胞和其EOM本身及经臭氧预氧化混凝后形成卤乙酸的能力基本都高于形成三卤甲烷的能力,在实际含藻水的处理中,应该更加重视对卤乙酸的控制.臭氧预氧化可以降低胞外分泌物形成氯化消毒副产物(DBP)的能力,且随着反应时间延长,DBPFP降低越多.在本试验条件下,0.975 mg/L臭氧预氧化10min后混凝,可比单纯混凝降低胞外分泌物DBPFP 31%,其中HAAFP降低52.6%,而THMFP却升高12.5%,可见臭氧预氧化控制胞外分泌物DBPFP主要原因是其可以很好地控制卤乙酸生成势.同时臭氧预氧化会使含藻细胞水样的DBPFP大幅度升高,且随着氧化时间延长,各种氯化消毒副产物生成势几乎呈线性增加.在实际水处理中,应在去除藻细胞之后再进行臭氧氧化以控制DBPFP.

Effect of Preozonation on Disinfection By-Products Formation Potential of Algae Cells and Extracellular Organic Matter

Water containing Oscillatoria agardii was cultured under controlled conditions and harvested in the late log growth phase.The objective was to determine: the contribution of algae cells and algae extracellular organic matter(EOM) to the disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPFP),and the effects of preozonation including ozone dosage and preozonation time on DBPFP of algae cells and EOM and mechanism of these effects.The results show that the main trihalomethanes from both Oscillatoria cells and EOM are chloroform and bromodichloromethane,and that the main haloacetic acids are dichloroacetic acid and trichloroacetic acid.HAAFP from algae cells and EOM themselves or after preozonation followed by coagulation is more than THMFP,which shows that more attention should be paid to the control of HAA in the treatment of algae containing water.DBPFP of EOM is reduced by preozonation,and DBPFP clearly decreases with time.Compared with traditional coagulation,the dosage of 0.975 mg/L preozonation with reaction time of 10 minntes followed by coagulation can decrease DBPFP of EOM by 31% and decrease HAAFP by 52.6%,but increase THMFP by 12.5% under this experiment's condition.This result shows the major reason preozonation can control the DBPFP of EOM is that it can control HAAFP effectively.At the same time,the DBPFP of algae cells is significantly increased by preozonation,and this increase is almost a linear function of preozonation time.It can be concluded that in the real water treatment case most of algae cells should be removed intact before preozonation to control the DBPFP.