基于主体功能区规划的长江经济带生态状况变化

开展长江经济带生态状况变化研究对于评估不同类型主体功能分区的国土开发强度，提升生态安全保障能力具有重要意义。通过生态系统宏观结构、植被覆盖度、植被净初级生产力分析评价了2010~2015年长江经济带不同主体功能分区的生态状况变化特征。结果表明：优化开发区、重点开发区、农产品主产区和重点生态功能区内聚落生态系统面积分别占该类主体功能区国土面积的2525%、655%、370%和040%，总体上体现了国土开发按照不同主体功能布局的梯级特征。重点生态功能区的城镇用地和其他建设用地年变化率高于优化开发区和重点开发区，不符合其“限制开发”的功能定位，需加强空间管控，增强生态产品供给能力。长江经济带平均植被覆盖度、净初级生产力总体呈现好转态势。植被覆盖度基本稳定、转好、转差的面积比例分别为6043%、2520%和1437%；植被净初级生产力基本稳定、转好、转差的面积比例分别为4982%、4536%和482% 关键词： 主体功能区；植被覆盖度；净初级生产力；长江经济带

Characteristic Analysis of Ecological Status in the Yangtze River Economic Belt Based on the Plan for Major Function oriented Zones

Characteristic analyses of ecological status in the Yangtze River Economic Belt have great significance on assessment of territorial development intensity and improving the ability of ecological security assurance. On the basis of ecosystem structure, vegetation coverage (VC) and Net Primary Productivity (NPP), this paper analyzed characteristics of ecological status within Major Function oriented zones (MFOZs) of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The results showed that: The settlement area ratio in optimal development zone (ODZs), key development zones (KDZs), agricultural production zones (APZs) and key ecological function zones (KEFZs) was 2525%, 655%, 370% and 040%, respectively, which was overall showed gradient feature of territorial development according to their functions. The annual change rate of construction land in KEFZs was higher than that in ODZs and KDZs, which was not match its functional orientation of “limit exploitation”. The KEFZs needed to enhance its space control in order to improve the supply capacity of ecological products. The annual mean VC and NPP during 2010 and 2015 were overall showed improving trend. The keep stable, changing better and changing worse area ratio of VC was 6043%, 2520% and 1437%, respectively. The keep stable, changing better and changing worse area ratio of NPP was 4982%, 4536% and 482%, respectively.〖