深圳茅洲河表层沉积物卤代多环芳烃污染研究

利用GC-MS方法分析了卤代多环芳烃(halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,HPAHs)在深圳茅洲河流域表层沉积物中的含量水平以及空间分布特征.所关注的3种氯代多环芳烃(chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,ClPAHs)和6种溴代多环芳烃(brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,BrPAHs)的含量范围分别是3.00～301 ng.g-1和7.52～285ng.g-1.表层沉积物中HPAHs的主要污染来源包括垃圾焚烧、化石燃料的燃烧、汽车尾气以及农作物秸秆焚烧,它们所占的比例分别是40%、20.5%、11.9%和11.7%.此外,表层沉积物中ClPAHs和BrPAHs的毒性当量(toxic equivalency quotients,TEQs)范围分别是7.95～38.1 pg.g-1和38.1～105 pg.g-1.研究发现,HPAHs的含量与采样点周边土地利用类型有关.随着工业用地密度的增大,表层沉积物中HPAHs的含量呈现出一个先增后减的趋势;而表层沉积物中HPAHs的含量与农业用地密度呈反比关系.

Halogenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Maozhou River, Shenzhen

Surface sediments collected from the Maozhou River watershed in Shenzhen were analyzed for the concentration levels and spatial distribution characteristics of halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HPAHs) using GC-MS. Total concentrations of three chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ClPAHs) and six brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (BrPAHs) of concern ranged from 3.00 to 301 ng·g^-1 and 7.52 to 285 ng·g^-1, respectively. Source appointments indicated that the HPAHs in these surface sediments were mainly derived from waste incineration, fossil fuel combustion, vehicle emission, and burning of crop straw, accounting for 40%, 20.5% 11.9%, and 11.7% of the total loading, respectively. Additionally, the toxic equivalency quotients (TEQ) of total ClPAHs and BrPAHs ranged from 7.95 to 38.1 pg·g^-1 and 38.1 to 105 pg·g^-1 respectively. Finally, the relationships between the HPAHs levels and different land use types were examined. Results indicated that the levels of HPAHs in surface sediments showed a decreasing trend after the first increase to the peak with the density of industrial land, but inversely proportional to the density of agricultural land.