Acoustic concomitants of the defensive discharges of a primitive bombardier beetle (Metrius contractus) |
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| Authors: | Thomas Eisner Jayne Yack Daniel J. Aneshansley |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, W347 Mudd Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, e-mail: te14@cornell.edu, US;(2) Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1S 5B6, CA;(3) Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Riley-Robb Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, US |
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| Abstract: | Summary. Metrius contractus, a primitive paussoid bombardier beetle, emits its defensive quinonoid froth with accompanying sound (a faint “hiss”), but the sound is not pulsed, indicating that the secretory emission itself is not pulsed. Pulsed secretory delivery in bombardier beetles appears to occur in Brachinini only. Received 8 July 2001; accepted 23 July 2001. |
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| Keywords: | . Defensive glands — discharge mechanism — quinones — bioacoustics — Carabidae |
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