基于GIS的我国渤海1952~2016年赤潮时空分布

收集了渤海海域自1952年有赤潮发生记录以来长达65a的相关资料，采用地理信息系统（GIS）技术研究了该海域赤潮发生的时空分布特征，并对其危害程度进行了评估.研究结果表明，渤海赤潮发生最频繁的区域为渤海湾北部、辽东湾西部和东部的海域；渤海共发生赤潮189次，其中影响面积超过1000km²的有21次；2000年以后，赤潮发生频率在明显增加；在6、7和8月份赤潮发生次数最多，分别占总次数的26%、22%和21%；由夜光藻、中肋骨条藻和原甲藻引发的赤潮次数分别为65、11和10次；发生在渤海湾西部、辽东湾西部以及黄河口海域的赤潮对海洋生态危害最大.首次以可视化的方法全方位展现和认识了渤海海域65a来赤潮发生的范围、分布与特点，实现了对该地区发生赤潮信息的整合与处理.这一方法对其他海域赤潮研究亦具有借鉴价值.

Temporal and spatial distribution of harmful algal blooms in the Bohai Sea during 1952~2016 based on GIS

The data of harmful algal blooms (HABs) from 1952 to 2016in the Bohai Sea was collected.Geographic Information System (GIS) technique was employed to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of these HAB events,and it was further applied to evaluate the harm caused by these HAB events.It was found that,there were three red tide-prone areas:northern Bohai Bay,western and eastern Liaodong Bay;The HAB events occurred 189total times,21of which were larger than 1000km² in areal extent;After 2000,the frequency of HAB outbreaks increased significantly;During the months of June,July and August,the HAB occurrence in the Bohai Sea was 26%,22% and 21%,respectively;Outbreaks of the dominant HAB species Noctiluca scintillans,Skeletonema costatum,and Prorocentrum minimum occurred 65,11 and 10,respectively;The western Bohai Bay,western Liaodong Bay and Yellow River estuary suffered serious harm caused by HAB events.A visual approach was utilized in present study to fully identify the scope,distribution,and characteristics of HABs in the Bohai Sea over the past 65years,thus the integration and treatment of HAB events were achieved.The approach can serve as a reference for the monitoring and management of HAB events in other sea areas.