厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)中微生物种群演替特征

采用SEM，FISH和PCR-DGGE技术对ABR(厌氧折流板反应器)各隔室中厌氧颗粒污泥进行分析，考察微生物形态、真细菌数量及种群结构演替过程，并对优势菌种进行了系统发育分析. 结果表明:ABR反应器颗粒污泥微生物中杆菌占优势，其中前端的微生物生长较好，活性高；沿反应器流程方向，各隔室微生物总量逐渐降低，真细菌相对丰度随之递减，其中1#隔室真细菌相对丰度最高，为65.9%，而5#隔室只有27.2%. 此外，ABR反应器前端以真细菌为主，而后端隔室古细菌含量升高，微生物种群随流程发生显著演替，但5个隔室间真细菌的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数没有显著性变化. UPMGA聚类分析表明，1#隔室与2#隔室的微生物群落相似性为77%，4#隔室与5#隔室的相似性为85%，3#隔室与其他隔室的相似性均较低，表明ABR反应器前端以发酵产酸作用为主，后端以产甲烷作用为主，ABR反应器具有明显的分阶段多相工艺特点. 

Succession Characteristics of Microbial Communities in an Anaerobic Baffled Reactor [STHZ](ABR)[STBZ]

SEM, FISH and PCR-DGGE techniques were used to analyze the microbial succession of the anaerobic granule sludge in different chambers of an ABR (anaerobic baffled reactor). The microbial morphology, eubacteria abundance, population structure succession process and phylogenetic analysis of the dominant eubacteria were investigated. The results showed that the rod-shaped bacteria were the dominant microbes in the sludge granules. The bacteria in the front chambers had higher activity than in the other chambers. The total amount of microbes gradually decreased with the water flow direction from front to back. The eubacteria abundance decreased correspondingly, which could reach as much as 65.9% in Chamber 1^#, and only 27.2% in Chamber 5^#. Furthermore, the eubacteria were the dominant community in the front chambers, while the archaea contents increased in the back ones. There was a significant succession of the microbial communities with the water flow direction from front to back in the ABR reactor, but the Shannon-Wiener indices of eubacteria did not display significant differences in the five chambers. The UPMGA results showed that the similarity of microbial population between Chamber 1^# and Chamber 2^# was 77%, and that between Chamber 4^# and Chamber 5^# was 85%. However, the similarity between that in Chamber 3^# and that in the other chambers was lower. Therefore, it could be concluded that the anaerobic fermentation worked mainly in the front part of the ABR, while the methanogenesis worked mainly in the back part. Obvious staged and multi-phased characteristics were observed in the ABR reactor.