火灾频发暴露我国城市公共安全系统脆弱性

为剖析近来我国火灾事故频发的原因,以上海＂11·15＂火灾事故为典型案例,分析了事件灾害过程和行为特征。结果提示：事件过程所暴露的风险管理疏失;安全基础设施薄弱;应急准备欠缺和应急响应能力不足等现象,凸显我国城市公共安全领域的系统脆弱性。系统脆弱性可能是导致＂11·15＂火灾事故发生与成灾的主要原因,作者认为系统脆弱性存在实质是公共安全体系的结构性缺陷。建议应从制度化建设入手,注意克服系统脆弱性,以加强公共安全保障能力,提高社会管理水平。

The frequent fire accidents exposed the vulnerability of urban public safety system

For the past few years,the occurrences of fire accident were very frequent.In order to present the reasons,a detailed analysis was made about the process and behavioral characteristics of disaster events,based on Shanghai ＂11·15＂ major fire accident.The results showed that：the fault in risk management process,the weak security infrastructure,the lack of emergency preparedness and emergency response capacity,highlight the system vulnerability in the area of urban public safety.System vulnerability might be the main reason of a disaster and ＂11·15＂accident,and it was thought that system vulnerability was the structural defects in the public safety system.At last,it was proposed that in order to improve our safeguarding abilities and social management level,we should start with systematic construction,pay attention to overcoming the system vulnerability.