中国环境污染密集型产业脱钩的异质性及产业转型

根据现有文献,研究中国的经济增长与环境污染的脱钩,需要将不同环境密集型产业与经济增长的关系分别测算,然后进行比较。本文选取了工业污染的三大来源——废水、废气和固体废物,每种污染源对应着一类环境密集型产业。这三种产业密集排放的污染物的量与经济增长之间的脱钩关系及其内在机制,这是本文研究的重点。本文借鉴Tapio弹性分析模型构建了我国经济增长与不同环境密集型产业之间的脱钩状态的分析模型,并对脱钩状态和程度的判定标准做了规定。随后,对2001-2009年四个时期的经济增长与不同环境密集型产业集中排放的污染物的量之间的脱钩指数进行了测算,同时测算了各产业污染的工业产值弹性及其工业产值的GDP弹性,并对脱钩状态和程度做了判定。结果表明:三类产业的脱钩程度各不相同,其动力机制与发展前景也有所不同,因而需要有针对性地采取规制和治理措施。

The Heterogeneity of the Decoupling of Chinese Industries Discharging Densely Different Pollutants and the Industrial Transformation

According to the existing literature,in order to do a research on decoupling relations between China’s economic growth and environmental pollution,it is necessary to analyze the relationship between economic growth and environmental-intensive industries,and then conduct a comparative analysis between the two.This article selects three major sources of industrial pollution—waste water,exhaust and solid waste.Each of the three corresponds to a kind of industry.The focus of this article is to study the decoupling relations between economic growth and the amount of pollutants discharged densely by the three industries,and their internal mechanism.On the basis of the Tapio-elastic-analysis model,this paper builds an analysis model to study the decoupling relations between economic growth and the amount of pollutants discharged densely by different industries,and stipulates the criteria of the degree of decoupling.After that,this paper measures two elements,namely,the decoupling indexes between economic growth and the amount of pollutants discharged by different industries,the elastic-index of pollutions to industrial output and the elastic-index of industrial output to GDP of 2001-2009.Then the paper evaluates the condition and degree of decoupling.Therefore,this paper comes to the conclusion that the three industries have different decoupling levels,as well as different internal mechanisms.So it is necessary to take special control measures,and is also significant to accelerate industrial transformation,and to promote the scientific development of industry.