河北黄骅近岸海域表层海水重金属污染特征及生态风险评价

为了对重金属污染进行防控,于2018年10月在河北黄骅近岸海域采集32个站位的表层海水样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和Cr的含量,采用原子荧光法测定重金属Hg和As的含量,并利用算数均值型多因子指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法对重金属污染和潜在生态风险进行评估。结果表明,河北黄骅近岸海域表层海水重金属Cu、Cd、Cr、As和Hg的平均质量浓度分别为2.715μg/L、0.0450μg/L、0.380μg/L、0.036μg/L和0.794μg/L,符合GB 3097-1997中第一类海水水质标准;重金属Zn和Pb的平均质量浓度分别为24.905μg/L和1.178μg/L,符合GB 3097-1997中第二类海水水质标准。算数均值型多因子指数(I=0.528)表明,按照第一类海水水质标准进行重金属污染评价,河北黄骅近岸海域表层海水处于轻污染水平。潜在生态危害系数由大到小为Hg、Pb、Cu、Cd、Zn、As、Cr;综合潜在生态风险指数(RI=40.34)表明,河北黄骅近岸海域重金属处于低度生态风险水平。通过重金属间Pearson相关性分析可知,河北黄骅近岸海域表层海水中重金属Cu和Zn的来源相似。

On situation of heavy metal contaminant residents in seawater along Huanghua Coast Area and potential ecological risk assessment,Cangzhou,Hebei

This paper is intended to make an investigation and evaluation of the heavy metal pollution and potential ecological risk in the surface seawater in Huaghua Coast(short for HC)of Buohai Sea.As is known,heavy metal residents is one of the major pollutants in the ecological environment,whose heavy metals in the seawater can bring about serious adverse effects on the marine ecosystem for their nature of eco-toxicity.For this reason,we have examined and evaluated the content rates and the ecological risk likeliness of the such heavy metal residents,like copper(Cu),lead(Pb),zinc(Zn),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),mercury(Hg)and arsenic(As)in the surface sediments from 32 surface seawater contaminant samples along the said coast area in Oct.2018.And,later,we have tested and measured the samples collected with Pb,Zn,Cd and Cr by way of the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS),meanwhile,tests and analyses have also been done with the Hg and As content rates by using an atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS).And,later,we have also checked and evaluated the pollution particularities and ecological risk liabilities through the arithmetic mean multi-factor index and Hakanson index.The results of our investigation and analysis show that the mean concentration rates of Cu,Cd,Cr,As and Hg have been found at2.715,0.0450,0.380,0.036,0.794μg/L,respectively,which should be accounted to the national standard of the first grade seawater quality.And,in accordance with the mean content rates of Zn and Pb were 24.905μg/L and 1.178μg/L,they should be said at the standards for Grade II of the seawater quality.What is more,the arithmetic mean multi-factor index(I=0.528)suggests that it should be put into the category of the slightly polluted seawater.Therefore,the heavy metal contaminants over there belong to the light polluted level in a descending order of Hg,Pb,Cu,Cd,Zn,As,Cr.That is to say,the potential ecological risk index(RI=40.34)suggests that the sources of Cu and Zn turn out to be similar.Hence,generally speaking,the environmental contamination in the township like HC can often be neglected because of its rather closed or isolated social environment.And,little has been done and reported on the water quality research and testing practice on the heavy metal distribution and contamination situation with the surface seawater and the PER about HC contamination.In spite of this,the present study can be taken as a pioneer attempt for technical inspection and examination of the potential ecological risk of the place.