我国自然灾害损失补偿机制研究

伴随全球的气候变暖、社会财富的不断增加,以及人口的膨胀,人类将面临日益严峻的灾害损失问题.我国是世界上自然灾害最为严重的少数几个国家之一,同时我国的灾害补偿方式与手段较为单一和落后,构建科学的灾害补偿机制与模式是我国经济与社会协调发展的重大课题.从理论和实证上讨论了自然灾害及其效应,并比较了国家灾害补偿机制、市场风险转移和分摊机制,以及政府和市场相结合的混合机制及其特点.研究结论表明我国应该建立政府诱导型的自然灾害补偿机制.

Research on mechanism of compensation for natural disaster loss in China

Due to the global climate warming, social wealth accumulating, and population expanding, human are facing with increasingly serious issues of natural disasters loss. China is one of the rare country encountered most serious disasters loss, but there is a simple and backward method and means for loss compensation in the country, so it is a major project to set up a scientific mechanism to promote sustainable and harmonious development in economy and society. This paper discusses natural disasters and their effects in theoretically and practically and compares all kinds of mechanism for loss compensation including state loss-sharing, market risk transfer, and the combination of state and market. Research conclusions show that China should establish mechanism of government guide natural disasters loss compensation.