泥石流早期识别与监测预警研究进展探讨

近年来,受极端地震和极端天气的影响,泥石流灾害日益加剧,山区城镇泥石流风险问题逐渐引起大众的关注。泥石流的早期识别和监测预警作为防灾减灾的有效途径之一,已在山区城镇及重大工程建设区发挥重要的减灾作用。分析总结泥石流早期识别与监测预警技术方法和理论的目的在于掌握其发展现状与问题,进一步为山区城镇泥石流灾害防灾减灾提供有效应急对策。同时指出改进当前存在问题可为后期发展提供参考依据。本文通过文献综述法在阅读大量文献基础上,从技术与设备、预警理论与模型和监测预警体系3个方面对泥石流早期识别和监测预警研究进行回顾与评述,并针对其不足提出了加强深度学习在泥石流早期识别中运用,注重构建地面因素与天上因素耦合的泥石流预警模型,完善泥石流灾害应急系统的初步看法。

Discussion on the research progress of early identification,monitoring and early warning of debris flow

In recent years,debris flow disasters have become more and more serious due to the influence of extreme earthquakes and extreme weather.This leads the risk of debris flow in mountain towns has attracted more and more public attention.Early identification,monitoring and early warning of debris flow,as one of the effective ways to prevent and reduce disasters,has played an important role in disaster reduction in mountainous towns and major engineering construction areas.The purpose of analyzing and summarizing the technology and theory of debris flow early identification,monitoring and early warning is to understand its development status and problems,as well provides emergency strategies for debris flow disaster prevention and mitigation in mountainous towns.Simultaneously,discovering and modifying existing problems in early identification,monitoring and early warning of debris flow can provide a reference for later development.This article reviews the early identification,monitoring and early warning research of debris flow from three aspects of technology and equipment,early warning theory and model,as well monitoring and early warning system construction based on reading a large number of literatures.In order to solve the existing problems,this paper proposes to strengthen the application of deep learning in early recognition,pay attention to the construction of a debris flow early warning model that coupled with ground factors and celestial factors,and improve the research of the debris flow disaster emergency system.