省级尺度土壤As迁移转化与水稻安全种植区划：以贵州省为例

为探究贵州省水田土壤和稻米As含量分布特征，及稻米食用健康风险并评估水稻安全种植性，采集水田土壤样品209个，水田土壤-水稻样品1 567组，测定其As含量和土壤基本理化性质，运用单因子污染指数法对样品污染程度进行评价.结果表明： ①贵州省水田土壤主要呈中性，其保肥能力和有机质含量均为中等以上水平，土壤较为肥沃.水田土壤ω（As）范围为0.042~91.75 mg·kg^-1，几何均值为10.03 mg·kg^-1，经独立样本T检验，水田土壤As累积效应低于自然土壤As（P<0.05）.与《农用地土壤污染风险管控标准》（GB 15618-2018）筛选值（0.2 mg·kg^-1）相比，土壤样品超标率15.37%.②稻米ω（As）范围为0.001~0.937 mg·kg^-1，几何平均值为0.108 mg·kg^-1，10.21%的稻米样品超过《食品中污染物限量（试行）》（GB 2762-2022）的限值，超标点位主要分布于黔南州的中北部和遵义南部县区等工矿业活动区周围.③经大米摄入的As对成人和儿童存在非致癌风险和致癌风险，且对儿童的影响大于成人.贵州省水田稻米安全种植区划未见严格管控区域，水稻可实现安全种植.

Provincial-scale Soil As Migration and Transformation and Rice Safe Planting Zoning: A Case Study of Guizhou Province

To explore the distribution characteristics of paddy soil and rice AS content, as well as the health risks of rice consumption, and to evaluate the safe planting ability of rice, 209 paddy soil samples and 1 567 groups of paddy soil-rice samples were collected, their As content and basic soil physical and chemical properties were determined, and the single-factor pollution index method was used to evaluate the pollution degree of the samples. The results showed that:① the soil of paddy fields in Guizhou Province was mainly neutral, and its fertilizer retention capacity and organic matter content were above the medium level, and the soil was relatively fertile. The range of ω(As) in paddy soil was 0.042-91.75 mg·kg^-1, the geometric mean was 10.03 mg·kg^-1, and the cumulative effect of paddy soil As was lower than that of natural soil As (P<0.05) by independent sample T. Compared with the screening value (0.2 mg·kg^-1) of the Soil Pollution Risk Management and Control Standard for Agricultural Land (GB 15618-2018), the excess rate of soil samples was 15.37%. ② The ω (As) range of rice grain samples was 0.001-0.937 mg·kg^-1, the geometric average value was 0.108 mg·kg^-1, 10.21% of the rice grain samples exceeded the limit value of "Limit of Contaminants in Food (trial)" (GB 2762-2022), and the locations where the exceedances are mainly found are in the central and northern parts of Qiannan Prefecture, as well as around industrial and mining activity zones in the southern counties and districts of Zunyi. ③ As ingested through rice posed non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk for adults and children, and the impact on children was greater than that of adults. There is no strict control area for safe rice planting in Guizhou Province, and rice can be safely planted.