水利枢纽施工干扰区生态系统综合评价

针对水利枢纽施工过程中对周边环境的干扰机制，提出生态系统综合评价指标体系，利用RBF神经网络建立水利枢纽施工干扰区生态系统综合评价模型，并以尼尔基水利枢纽为例，对其施工干扰区生态系统进行综合评价。评价结果表明各指标在施工期间均跌到最低点，其中受影响最大的就是社会进步指标和景观生态性指标。但是在恢复过程中，这两类指标的上升幅度也是最大的，自然生态环境具有较强的稳定性，但当外界干扰超过其自身的承受能力时，对其进行恢复的难度也是很大的。可见，RBF生态评价模型可以对施工干扰区生态现状进行评价，评价结果为干扰后的生态环境恢复与重建提供理论依据，也可对治理后的效果进行预测评价，并为其他水利枢纽工程施工干扰区生态恢复与重建提供科学借鉴。

COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION ON THE ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM IN DISTURBED CONSTRUCTION AREA OF HYDRO JUNCTION

According to the disturbing mechanism explaining how the construction of hydro junction affects the nearby environment, the comprehensive indicator system to evaluate ecological system was brought forward, RBF Neural Network was used to establish the ecological system comprehensive evaluation model in disturbed construction area of hydro junction, and the paper took Nierji Hydro Junction as an example to do comprehensive evaluation in its disturbed construction area.Evaluation results showed that all the indicators have fallen below the lowest point during the construction period, especially the social progress indicators and landscape ecological indicators.These two indicators had the largest increase rate during the recovery process.Although the natural ecological environment has the strong stability, it is difficult to restore when outside interference exceeds the affordability of its own.RBF ecological evaluation model for disturbed construction area of hydro junction can evaluate the ecological status to provide the theoretical basis for ecological restoration and reconstruction,predict and evaluate state after treatment,and also provide a useful reference for other water-control project construction interference district ecological restoration and reconstruction.