Use of Nutshells as Fillers in Polymer Composites |
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Authors: | Nongnuch Sutivisedsak Huai N. Cheng Charles S. Burks Judy A. Johnson Joel P. Siegel Edwin L. Civerolo Atanu Biswas |
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Affiliation: | 1. Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1815 N. University St, Peoria, IL, 61604, USA 2. Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1100 Robert E. Lee Blvd., New Orleans, LA, 70124, USA 3. San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Commodity Protection and Quality, 9611 So. Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA, 92648, USA
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Abstract: | Nutshells are agricultural waste products that can be procured at relatively low cost. In this work we examined the possibility of using these biodegradable materials as fillers in poly(lactic acid) and low density polyethylene. The nutshells were ground into powder, blended with the polymer, and then injection molded with final weight varying from 10 to 40 weight %. The mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were then studied. In general, the addition of fillers caused reductions in mechanical properties to varying extents, but thermal properties were only slightly affected. The use of maleic anhydride and peroxide with the fillers had a negative effect on poly(lactic acid) but a slightly positive effect on the stiffness of polyethylene. The results suggested that polymer-nutshell composites may be usable in applications where cost is a concern and where some reductions in mechanical properties are acceptable. |
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