土地石漠化的生态地质环境背景及其驱动机制--以贵州省喀斯特山区为例

在分析贵州省喀斯特山区的土地石漠化的生态地质环境背景基础上 ,探讨了土地石漠化内、外动力驱动机制。认为地质构造运动塑造了陡峻而破碎的喀斯特地貌景观 ,由此产生的较大地表切割度和地形坡度 ,为水土流失提供了动力潜能 ;古环境演化为喀斯特石漠化提供了广泛分布的碳酸盐物质。温暖潮湿的季风气候为喀斯特地貌的强烈发育提供了必要的溶蚀条件 ,超载的社会经济压力则是导致喀斯特山区土地石漠化最重要的驱动力。

Eco Geo Environment of Rocky Desertification and Its Driving Mechanism A Typical Example in Karst Mountainous Areas of Guizhou Province

As a main form of land desertification, rocky desertification is developing drastically in karst mountainous areas of Southwest China.As a main result of interactions between irrational human activities and the vulnerable eco geo environmental settings,rocky desertification has become one of the most serious environmental,social and economic problems in Guizhou Province.Various endogenic processes in the geological history created the characteristics and geomorphic features of the surface rocks that are responsible for the vulnerability of the eco geo environmental settings.The resultant extensively distributed steep slopes and gullies offer potential energy for water erosion.The pure carbonate rock,accounting for 44 66% of the total land area of the province,provides an abundant material basis for rocky desertification. External disturbances resulting mostly from rapid population growth, poverty, irrational human activities and unreliable social factors, help trigger and accelerate development of the rocky desertification.It could be concluded that rocky desertification is the final result of a vicious cycle of social economic stress and environmental deterioration.