Progress in herbicide determination with the thylakoid bioassay |
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Authors: | Stefanie Trapmann Nestor Etxebarria Heide Schnabl Karl Heinz Grobecker |
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Affiliation: | (1) Institute for Agricultural Botany, University Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 176, D-53115 Bonn, Germany;(2) Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Retieseweg, B-2440 Geel, Belgium |
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Abstract: | Chloroplast thylakoids are used as biological units to determine herbicides in different kinds of water samples as well as in aqueous extracts of compost, soil or food samples. The thylakoid bioassy shows clearly inhibition of fluorescence yield in the presence of photosystem II specific herbicides. Due to this method the ecotoxicological effect of samples with unknown pollutants can be tested fast and cost effective. It has been proven that all photosynthetic active compounds are recorded at the same time because only additive interactions occur. Therefore, the contamination level can be expressed as cumulative parameter for photosystem II active substances. Application was improved clearly by the addition of the radical scavenger sodium ascorbate to the isolation media and by a higher concentration of the measuring medium. A new data evaluation method is described yielding in a lower detection limit of 0.4 μg diuron/1. The guidelines for the quality of water for human consumption with an allowable concentration of pesticides in groups is 0,5 μg/1 [1,2] and can be controlled with the thylakoid bioassay without performing any preconcentration steps. |
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Keywords: | Bioassay drinking water, pollution, pesticides herbicides, water samples herbicides interactions thylakoids, bioassay thylakoids |
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