基于生态网络—人类干扰的国土空间生态修复优先区诊断——以长株潭城市群为例

基于整体保护与系统治理思维诊断生态修复优先区,是科学有序推进国土空间生态修复的重要抓手。以长株潭城市群为例,利用人类足迹定量评估人类活动对生态系统的干扰强度,在此基础上通过最小累积阻力模型、电路理论、移动窗口搜索法等,识别生态网络并诊断人类干扰致其结构与功能受损的关键区域为生态修复优先区。研究表明：（1）城市群人类干扰整体呈核心—边缘递减的圈层式分布,且西高东低,北高南低;（2）识别区域生态网络,其中包含140个生态源地斑块以及307条源间潜在生态廊道;（3）诊断得到生态源地修复优先区共计867.17 km²,生态廊道修复优先区共计97.83 km,生态夹点修复优先区共计40处,从面线点相结合角度提出消除或弱化人类干扰的修复策略。研究能为新时代区域国土空间生态修复的规划编制与实施工作提供空间指引。

Determining priority areas for land ecological restoration based on ecological network-human disturbance: A case study of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration

In the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization, the interference effect of human activities on the structure and function of ecosystem has been increasingly intensified. Land ecological restoration has become an essential topic of ecological civilization construction and land spatial planning. Determining priority areas for ecological restoration based on holistic protection and systematic governance, is a critical method for the scientific and orderly promotion of land ecological restoration. Taking Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration as an example, we used human footprint to evaluate the intensity of human disturbance to the ecosystem quantitatively. On this basis, through the minimum cumulative resistance model, circuit theory, and cyclic window search method, the ecological network was identified, and the key areas where human disturbance caused damage to its structure and function were determined as priority areas for ecological restoration. The research showed that: (1) The human disturbance in the urban agglomeration presented a core-edge decreasing circle distribution, and the west was higher than the east while the north was higher than the south. In the study area, low disturbance area, medium-low disturbance area, medium-high disturbance area, and high disturbance area accounted for 12.66%, 32.31%, 37.70%, and 17.33% of the urban agglomeration land, respectively. (2) The ecological network was identified, which contained 140 ecological source patches and 307 potential ecological corridors between them. The corridors were 3986.02 km long, primarily distributed along with the Xiangjiang River system or located in the low hilly area with good vegetation coverage. (3) The priority areas for ecological restoration were determined, including a total of 867.17 km² for source restoration, 97.83 km for corridor restoration, and 40 points for pinch point restoration. From the perspective of Point-Line-Polygon, restoration strategies were proposed to eliminate or weaken human disturbance, which would help to provide spatial guidance for formulating and implementing of land ecological restoration in the New Era.