地下水氯代烃污染修复技术研究进展

氯代烃作为重要的化工原料被广泛应用，使用过程中的跑冒滴漏已使其成为地下水中最常检测出的有毒有害污染物之一，严重影响人体健康与生态环境安全.为更清楚地了解地下水中氯代烃污染特点与修复技术发展现状，首先对地下水中氯代烃迁移转化特征进行梳理，分析并总结氯代烃多相态、多介质赋存状态以及影响其迁移转化的因素；其次，归纳阐述不同赋存状态下氯代烃适用的修复技术，包括试验研究与实际场地修复方面的研究进展以及修复过程中存在的问题；最后，结合当前研究现状，对氯代烃修复技术的发展方向进行展望.调查研究表明，PRB技术墙体新介质、缓释氧化剂及污染物靶向修复材料的开发、高抗性且生存能力强的工程菌培育以及修复技术之间的联用将是地下水氯代烃污染治理的发展方向；同时，在修复技术的选择与联用上，必须遵循技术与场地水文地质条件相适应的修复思路. 

Advances in Remediation Technology for Chlorinated Hydrocarbons Contamination in Groundwater

Chlorinated hydrocarbons are widely used as important chemical raw materials. However, the leakage during the use of the chemicals has made them the most commonly toxic and harmful contaminants in groundwater, which seriously affects human health and the safety of the ecological environment. In order to better understand the pollution characteristics of chlorinated hydrocarbons and the development status of remediation technologies, the migration and transformation characteristics of chlorinated hydrocarbons in groundwater were initially reviewed, and the occurrence state of chlorinated hydrocarbons in multiphase and multi-medium as well as the factors affecting their migration and transformation were analyzed and summarized. Then, the applicable remediation technologies of chlorinated hydrocarbons under different occurrence states were described respectively, including the research progress of experimental research and actual site remediation, as well as some existing issues in the remediation process. Finally, the future development direction of chlorinated hydrocarbon remediation technology was pointed out on the basis of current research status. The survey results indicate that the development of new wall media in PRB technology, environment-friendly sustained-release oxidation materials, the cultivation of engineering bacteria with high resistance and strong survivability and the combination of remediation technologies will be the development direction of chlorinated hydrocarbon contamination remediation in groundwater. Additionally, it is necessary to follow the principle of adapting the technologies to the hydrogeological conditions of the site in the selection and combination of remediation technologies.