农地整治何以促进农户收入增加——基于整治模式和地貌类型的异质分析

首先基于可持续生计框架构建农地整治对农户收入的影响机制,并进一步揭示其作用效果的整治模式与地貌类型差异;然后利用湖北省地处江汉平原的天门市和潜江市、武陵山区的宣恩县和咸丰市483户农户的两期面板数据,采用双重差分模型检验同一地貌是否实施农地整治、同一地貌不同农地整治模式和不同地貌同一农地整治模式对农户收入的影响。结果表明：（1）地方政府主导模式和新型农业经营主体主导模式均能显著增加农户收入。（2）新型农业经营主体模式的增收效应远远大于地方政府主导模式,但即使同一地貌类型,不同农地整治模式对农户分项收入的影响程度、大小和显著性存在较大差异。（3）平原农地整治的增收效应明显高出山区农地整治,但即使同一整治模式,不同地貌农地整治对农户分项收入的影响程度、大小和显著性存在明显差异。因此,农地整治的农户收入效应受到整治模式和地貌类型的共同制约。

How can rural land consolidation increase farmers' income: Heterogeneity analysis based on consolidation modes and geomorphic types

Based on the theoretical foundations underpinning the Department for International Development's sustainable livelihood framework, this paper constructed an influence mechanism of rural land consolidation projects (RLCP) on farmers' income, and further conducted the heterogeneous analysis of its consolidation modes and geomorphic types. Based on the survey data collected from 483 farmers of Tianmen city and Qianjiang city in Jianghan Plain area, Xuan'en and Xianfeng counties in Wuling Mountainous Area, difference-in-differences (DID) model was employed to examine whether the implementation of land consolidation affects farmers' income, the impact of different RLCP modes of the same geomorphic type on farmers' income, and the impact of the same RLCP mode of different geomorphic types on farmers' income. The results indicate that: (1) Both the local government-dominant mode and new agricultural business entity-dominant mode RLCP can significantly increase farmers' income. (2) The income-increasing effect of the new agricultural business entity dominant RLCP is far greater than that of the local government-dominant mode RLCP, and even if in the same geomorphic types, there are significant differences in the degree, direction, and significance of the impact of different RLCP modes on farmers' income. (3) The income-increasing effect of plain RLCP is evidently higher than that of the mountain RLCP, but even if in the same consolidation mode, there are significant differences in the degree, direction, and significance of the impact of different geomorphic RLCP types on farmers' income. Therefore, the income effect of RLCP is affected by the consolidation modes and geomorphic types.