泄漏检测与修复(LDAR)建档方法研究及应用进展

泄漏检测与修复(LDAR)是石化和化工行业挥发性有机物(VOCs)无组织排放管控的重要抓手.项目建档作为LDAR实施的第一步同时也是最关键的一步，其科学性、完整性和准确性决定着LDAR的整体实施质量.通过对LDAR建档方法及应用情况的调研，归纳总结了不同建档方法的优缺点，并采用问卷方式对国内建档方法应用现状进行了调查分析，展望了建档技术的未来发展趋势.结果表明:①当前国内外在用的建档方法主要包括传统挂牌法、PID图标识法、拍照标识法、GPS定位法、条形码/二维码挂牌法、无线射频挂牌法等.②美国、欧盟目前仍以传统挂牌法为主，加拿大除传统挂牌法外，拍照标识法的应用也较为广泛.③我国应用最多的为拍照标识法，其次为传统挂牌法，调查对象中采用过这两种方法的LDAR服务商占比分别为90.0%和50.0%，此外PID图标识法、条形码/二维码、其他方法的应用占比分别为30.0%、17.5%和5.0%，整体上我国建档方法比美欧国家更加多样化.④我国现代科技的迅猛发展为LDAR建档技术的创新与变革提供了契机，未来建档技术将向更智能、更便捷、更高效的方向发展.研究显示，国内尚未形成统一的LDAR建档技术标准体系，建议今后应尽快加强相关标准建设，保障LDAR的实施质量与效果. 

Progress in Research and Application of Components Filing Technology for Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR)

Leak detection and repair (LDAR) is important for controlling unorganized emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the petrochemical and chemical industries. Project documentation, as the first and most critical step in the implementation of LDAR, and its scientificity, completeness and accuracy determine the quality of LDAR implementation. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of different LDAR filing methods are summarized through the investigation of LDAR filing methods and their applications. The application status of domestic filing methods is investigated and analyzed through questionnaire survey, and the future development trend of filing technology is anticipated. The results show that: (1) The current filing methods used at home and abroad mainly include the traditional physical tagging, PID marking, photo marking, GPS positioning, bar/QR code scanning, RF-card tagging, etc.. (2) The United States and the European Union mainly use traditional physical tagging, while photo marking is widely used in Canada in addition to traditional physical tagging. (3) The most widely used method in China is photo marking, followed by traditional physical tagging. The LDAR service providers who have used these two methods in the survey accounted for 90.0% and 50.0%, respectively. In addition, the PID marking, bar/QR code scanning and other methods accounted for 30.0%, 17.5% and 5.0%, respectively. China's filing methods are more diverse compared with those in the US and Europe. (4) The rapid development of modern technology in China has provided an opportunity for innovation and change in LDAR filing technology, and the future filing technology will be more intelligent, more convenient and more efficient. A unified technical standard system for LDAR filing method has not been formed in China, and it is recommended to strengthen the construction of relevant standards as soon as possible to ensure the quality and effectiveness of LDAR implementation.