中央苏区红色旅游资源跨区域整合开发研究：文化生态学视角

红色旅游资源是革命精神的核心载体,其保护和旅游利用面临着破碎化、片段化、静态化等问题,亟需开展整合开发研究。以中央苏区核心区为例,基于文化生态学理论,采用GIS空间分析方法和修正的引力模型,研究红色旅游资源空间格局和文化生态变迁,在此基础上提出整合开发的策略,结论如下：（1）红色旅游资源点空间上呈现局部聚集特征,赣南苏区形成章贡区、瑞金市、于都县“金三角”分布格局,闽西苏区则形成新罗区、永定区、上杭县、连城县“银菱形”分布格局;（2）闽西和赣南苏区各重大事件红色旅游资源点在空间上8.9~106.6 km的范围内,形成带状或面状的文化生态基底,并呈现一致向服务业主导型转变的发展态势;（3）红色旅游资源网络联系方向与服务业主导型文化生态方向错位发展,这是赣南和闽西红色旅游资源内部网络联系度较强,跨区域网络联系度较弱的重要原因。在此基础上,遵循红色旅游资源文化生态空间一体化、文化生态演变全域化、文化生态发展动态化的原则,提出空间集聚区优先整合开发、高发展指数红色旅游资源跨省域优先整合开发、跨主导类型关键节点优先整合开发三个整合开发对策,以期促进中央苏区红色旅游高质量发展。

The integration and development of red tourism resources in the Central Soviet Area from the perspective of cultural ecology

Red tourism resources are the main carrier of Chinese revolutionary spirit. Its protection and tourism utilization are faced with the problems of fraction, fragmentation and static, which requires the research of integrated development. By using GIS spatial analysis methods and modified gravity models, this paper takes the core area of the Central Soviet Area as an example to study the spatial pattern and cultural ecological changes of red tourism resources, based on the theory of cultural ecology. Then, strategies for integrated development of red tourism resources are discussed in the study. Conclusions are as follows: (1) The red tourism resources distribution is featured by local clustering in space. The Soviet Area in Southern Jiangxi forms a pattern of "Golden Triangle" consisting of Zhanggong district, Ruijin city and Yudu county, while the Soviet Area in Western Fujian presents a pattern of "Silver Rhombus" composed of Xinluo district, Yongding district, Shanghang county and Liancheng county. (2) Most of major documented events of the red tourism resources occurred within a range of 8.9-106.6 km in the Soviet Areas of Western Fujian and Southern Jiangxi, which laid the cultural ecological foundation for tourism in the belt/planar-shaped pattern, showing a consistent development trend towards a service-led industry. (3) The local network connection development direction of red tourism resources is spatially dislocated with development direction of cultural ecology based service-led industry. This is the fundamental reason for the strong internal connection of the red tourism resources in Southern Jiangxi and Western Fujian, and the weak connection for the cross-regional network. Following the development principles of cultural ecological spaces integration, comprehensive network connection and dynamics of main types for the red tourism resources, this research proposed three strategies for integrated development in order to promote the high-quality development of red tourism in the Central Soviet Area, namely, priority integrated development for spatial sources cluster areas, priority integrated development for cross-regional red tourism resources with high development index and priority integrated development for the key nodes of different types of the red tourism resources.