垃圾焚烧飞灰基本性质的研究

分析了几种焚烧飞灰的基本性质,讨论了燃烧过程中可能影响飞灰中重金属分布的因素,研究表明:焚烧飞灰结构复杂性和性质多变,其主要的化学组成为Cl、Ca、K、Na、Si、Al、O等,主要的重金属为Zn、Pb、Cr、Cu等;飞灰多以不规则的无定形态和多晶聚合体的结构存在,浸出毒性一般超过危险废物鉴别标准;重金属主要以气溶胶小颗粒和富集于飞灰颗粒表面的形式存在于飞灰中.焚烧厂和焚烧时间的变化对于飞灰性质有较大影响,几种飞灰的Cl含量范围为6.93%～29.18%,SiO₂为4.48%～24.84%;浸出毒性则在0～163.10mg·L^-1(Pb)、0.049～164.90mg·L^-1(Zn)之间变化.

Fundamental Propertise of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration

Fundamental properties and the factors that influence the distribution of heavy metals of several fly ashes are analyzed.Experiments indicate that the structures are complex and the properties are changeable.The study results show that the chemical composition is Cl,Ca,K,Na,Si,Al,O,etc,and heavy metals are Zn,Pb,Cr,Cu etc.The main structures of fly ash are irregularly amorphous forms and polycrystalline aggregates.Generally,the ieaching toxicity exceeds the ientification standard for hazardous wastes.Heavy metals are chiefly in the forms of tiny aerosol particles and aggregates on the surface of fly ash.The properties of fly ash are greatly influenced by the change of incinerators or the variation of incinerating time.The content of Cl ranges from 6.93% to 29.18%,while that of SiO₂ does from 4.48% to 24.84%.The leaching toxicity varies between 0 and 163.10mg·L^-1(Pb) and between 0.049 and 164.90mg·L^-1(Zn).