陆生植物化感作用的抑藻研究进展

有效控制水华,治理富营养化水体是目前环境领域的研究热点和前沿。所谓化感物质,就是由植物、细菌、病毒和真菌所产生的二次代谢产物。利用水生植物的化感作用或化感物质抑制水体中藻类的爆发被认为是一种高效、低毒、环境亲合性好的方法而备受关注。然而,对于陆生植物应用于抑制藻类生长的研究却较少。文章在对化感作用的概念的演化、各种生物对藻类化感抑制作用、化感物质抑藻机理等方面进行了较系统的论述,总结了近年来国内外学者对于陆生植物化感作用抑藻的研究进展。文章认为相对于水生植物在抑藻方面的局限性,陆生植物的优势体现在对水生生态系统影响明显（化感作用明显）、所含抑藻化感物质种类丰富、不易受水生生态环境影响等方面,并对今后陆生植物抑藻技术的研究方向进行了展望,陆生植物中尤其是菊科植物化感抑藻应用前景广阔。最后指出,陆生植物的化感抑藻作用研究还存在进一步探索和改进化感物质的提取和鉴定方法、抑藻作用机理的研究、应用实际水体时的生态安全性等方面的问题。

Advance research on the allelopathy of terrestrial plants in inhibition of algae

Currently,it is a hot issue in environmental field to control algal bloom effectively and to treat the eutrophic water body.The allelochemical is the secondary metabolites what are produced by plants,bacteria,viruses and fungi.The allelopathy of aquatic autotrophs has drawn the most attention because it is believed to be high effective,low toxic and eco-friendly approach to control algal blooms.However,only a little research has been carried on the algicidal activity of the terrestrial plants.This paper made a systematic discussion on the evolution of the concept of the allelopathy,many kinds of biological inhibitions on algae and the mechanism of allelochemicals,ect.And it summarizes the research progress of the allelopathy of terrestrial plants in inhibition of algae by domestic and foreign scholars in recent years.The paper considered that the advantages of terrrstrial plants which were compared with aquatic ones embodied some aspects such as obvious allelopathy effect,rich allelopathy and noise immunity in aquatic biological environment,ect.And it also made a prospect for the research direction of the terrestrial plants in algal inhibition.The terrestrial plants and especially the compositae have a broad prospects in inhibition of algae.Finally,there are still some ques-tions in several aspects such as a deep exploration and improvement of the allelopathy＇s extraction and identification,the research of the mechanism of allelochemicals,ecological safety and so on should be solved.