Phthalates exposure of Chinese reproductive age couples and its effect on male semen quality,a primary study |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of Copenhagen, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark;2. Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;3. National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark;4. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden;5. Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, NL-3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands;6. Reproductive Medicine Centre, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö SE-20502, Sweden;1. Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Dept. of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden;2. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 221 85 Lund, Sweden;1. Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, PR China;2. Reproductive Medical Center, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu, PR China;3. Man-Technology-Environment Research Centre (MTM), School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | Phthalates are suspected of having adverse effects on androgen-regulated reproductive development in animals and may be toxic for human sperm. The purposes of our study were to investigate the general exposure of a Chinese reproductive age cohort to these ubiquitous pollutants and to assess their potential effect on semen quality.Six phthalate metabolites, monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), and mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate (MEOHP) were measured in spot urines of 150 individuals recruited from a Chongqing, China, reproductive institute. The questionnaire and clinical data were evaluated, and the correlations of phthalate exposure and semen qualities like semen volume, sperm concentration, motility and sperm motion parameters, were determined by multiple logistic regression analysis.The creatinine adjusted average concentrations for MMP, MEP, MBP, MBzP, MEHP and MEOHP were 41.3, 300, 41.0, 0.78, 2.99 and 3.90 μg/g, respectively. After adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), abstinence, smoking, drinking, and education, there was a borderline-significant dose–response relationship between MBP and sperm concentration, with odd ratios (ORs) 1.0, 6.8 and 12.0 for increasing exposure tertiles (p = 0.05). Although the dose–response relationships for MMP and MEP versus sperm concentration were not significant, a significant positive correlation between MEP and straight-line velocity of sperm motion was observed.The present data may imply some effects of phthalate exposure on semen. However, due to the small sample size, our finding needs to be confirmed on a larger population. |
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