Association between maternal exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from electronic waste recycling and neonatal health outcomes |
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| Institution: | 1. Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #6 Zhuo Daoquan North Road, Wuhan 430079, PR China;2. Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, LiuFang Campus, No.206, Guanggu 1st road, Wuhan 430205, PR China;3. Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #27 Nan Wei Road, Beijing 100050, PR China;4. Institute of Chronic and Non-Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nongye Donglu South, Zhengzhou 450016, PR China;5. The Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health (CFSA) and China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Beijing 100021, PR China;6. Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA 98109, USA;1. School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia;2. Centre for Ecosystem Management, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia;3. National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (Entox), The University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, QLD 4108, Australia;4. School of Population Health, The University of Western, Australia;5. Department of Community Medicine, The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;1. Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan;2. Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan;3. Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan;4. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivePerfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has applications in numerous industrial and consumer products. The widespread prevalence of PFOA in humans demonstrated in recent studies has drawn considerable interest from the public. We aimed to evaluate the exposure of mothers to PFOA and the potential hazards to neonates in a primitive electronic waste recycling area, Guiyu, China, and a control area, Chaonan, China.MethodsOur investigation included analyses of maternal serum samples, health effect examinations, and other relevant factors. Questionnaires were administered and maternal serum samples were collected for 167 pregnant women. Solid phase extraction method was used for all analytical sample preparation, and analyses were completed using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method.ResultsThe PFOA concentration was higher in maternal serum samples from Guiyu than in samples from Chaonan (median 16.95, range 5.5–58.5 ng mL? 1; vs. 8.7, range 4.4–30.0 ng mL? 1; P < 0.001). Residence in Guiyu, involvement in e-waste recycling, husband's involvement in e-waste and use of the family residence as workshop were significant factors contributing to PFOA exposure. Maternal PFOA concentrations were significantly different between normal births and adverse birth outcomes including premature delivery, term low birth weight, and stillbirths. After adjusting for potential confounders, PFOA was negatively associated with gestational age per lg-unit: β = ? 15.99 days, 95% confidence interval (CI), ? 27.72 to ? 4.25], birth weight (per lg-unit: β = ? 267.3 g, 95% CI, ? 573.27 to ? 37.18), birth length (per lg-unit: β = ? 1.91 cm, 95% CI, ? 3.31 to ? 0.52), and Apgar scores (per lg-unit: β = ? 1.37, 95% CI, ? 2.42 to ? 0.32), but not associated with ponderal index.ConclusionsMothers from Guiyu were exposed to higher levels of PFOA than those from control areas. Prenatal exposure to PFOA was associated with decreased neonatal physical development and adverse birth outcomes. |
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