Blood levels of dioxins,furans, dioxin-like PCBs,and TEQs in general populations: A review, 1989–2010 |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway;2. Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice; 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic;3. Institute for Environmental Studies, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands;4. Department of Non-Communicable Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway;1. Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of the Valencia Region, FISABIO-Public Health, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain;2. Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;3. Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, University of Valencia, Doctor Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Spain;4. Public Health Laboratory of Valencia, Av. Catalunya, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain;5. Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Av. Abril Martorell, 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain;1. Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA;2. CSIR Water Research Institute, P. O. Box AH 38, Achimota, Accra, Ghana;3. School of Science and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom;4. Chemistry Matters Inc., Suite 405, 104-1240 Kensington Road NW, Calgary, AB T2N 3P7, Canada;5. Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Laboratory Services Branch, Toronto, ON M9P 3V6, Canada;6. Waters Corporation, Manchester, United Kingdom;7. Mount Royal University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, 4825 Mount Royal Gate SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada;8. Occupational and Environmental Health Unit, Ministry of Health/Ghana Health Service, Ghana;9. Environmental Protection Agency, P. O. Box MB 326, Ministries Post Office, Accra, Ghana |
| |
| Abstract: | A comprehensive worldwide literature review of blood levels of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in non-exposed adult general populations was performed. The studies published in 1989–2010 reporting information on polychlorinated dibenzo-para-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), non-ortho-PCBs (nPCBs), mono-ortho-PCBs (mPCBs) levels and Toxic Equivalencies (TEQs, a summary weighted measure of their combined toxicity) were reviewed. TEQs were calculated using as standard the most recent WHO 2005 reevaluation of Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs). Weighted multiple regression analyses adjusted for year, subject's age, type of sample analyzed, method used for values below detection limit, and central tendency measure used were performed for each congener and standardized TEQs (log-transformed). We identified 187 studies regarding 29,687 subjects of 26 countries. Year of blood collection ranged from 1985 to 2008. The studies reporting congener levels 161. In adjusted analyses, European countries showed higher levels of most dioxin-like congeners and TEQs. A strong positive association of subjects' age with most congeners and with TEQ values was found, confirming previous findings. Significant decreases over time (1985–2008) were documented for PCCDs, PCDFs, and TEQs including their contributions. No significant decrease was found for non-ortho-PCBs, notably PCB 126. Only some mono-ortho-PCBs showed clear significant declines. Accordingly, TEQs including only PCB contribution did not decrease over time. In interpreting these findings, it should be considered that for dioxin-like PCBs the analysis period was shorter (17 years), since these compounds were first measured in 1992. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
