Organic micropollutants in coastal waters from NW Mediterranean Sea: Sources distribution and potential risk |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Group in Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology (ToxAmb), Rey Juan Carlos University, Spain;2. Departments of Medicine and Cirugy, Psychology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and Immunology Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Spain;1. National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Dalian 116023, China;2. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China;3. Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;1. Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao/Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266100, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266100, China;3. Institute of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China |
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| Abstract: | This study provides a first estimation on the sources, distribution and risk of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in coastal waters from NW Mediterranean Sea. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorinated pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, phthalates and alkylphenols were analyzed by solid phase extraction and gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (SPE–GC–EI-MS/MS). River waters and wastewater treatment plant effluents discharging to the sea were identified as the main sources of OMPs to coastal waters, with an estimated input amount of around of 25,800 g d? 1. The concentration of ΣOMPs in coastal areas ranged from 17.4 to 8442 ng L? 1, and was the highest in port waters, followed by coastal and river mouth seawaters. A summarized overview of the patterns and sources of OMP contamination on the investigated coastal sea waters of NW Mediterranean Sea, as well as of their geographical distribution was obtained by Principal Component Analysis of the complete data set after its adequate pretreatment. Alkylphenols, bisphenol A and phthalates were the main contributors to ΣOMPs and produced an estimated significant pollution risk for fish, algae and the sensitive mysid shrimp organisms in seawater samples. The combination of GC-MS/MS, chemometrics and risk analysis is proven to be useful for a better control and management of OMP discharges. |
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