长江经济带城市人居环境空间格局研究

以长江经济带110个城市为例,从居住环境、经济环境、社会环境、生态环境4个方面构建综合人居环境评价模型,运用层次分析法对各城市人居环境进行测度评价,并借助GIS可视化和空间自相关方法揭示和探讨长江经济带城市人居环境空间格局与集聚特征。结果发现:(1)综合人居环境存在显著空间差异,长三角地区整体人居环境质量最高,中部地区次之,云贵川地区最低;中心城市明显高于普通城市。(2)各系统层中,居住环境、经济环境质量长三角地区和省会城市优于普通城市;社会环境优质区域具有中心地指向性;生态环境则是以赣皖城市最优,中东部城市优于西部城市。(3)综合人居环境及各环境系统层均呈现明显的空间正相关集聚特征,即高人居环境区域在空间上毗邻,反之亦然;从莫兰指数散点图和LISA图中看出,高-高集聚区以长三角为中心布局,低-低集聚区则位于云贵川、皖北等地。

Spatial Pattern of Urban Human Settlement Environment in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Urban Human Settlement Environment (UHSE) transformed profoundly in the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization in China. By selecting 110 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and constructing the UHSE evaluation model from four aspects: living environment, economic environment, social environment and ecological environment. Using the AHP and spatial autocorrelation method to evaluate and analyze the UHSE spatial pattern. The results show that: (1) There is significant spatial differentiation in the UHSE quality, the overall UHSE quality decreases gradually from east to west, and the UHSE quality in Central cities are higher than other cities. (2) In each subsystem, the living and economic environment quality of the citis in Yangtze River Delta and the provincial capitals are higher than other cities; areas with a high-quality social environment have central place orientation; the cities in Jiangxi-Anhui region have a best ecological environment quality, and the ecological environment quality in central and eastern cities are better than the western cities. (3) The UHSE exhibits have obvious agglomeration characteristics, the High-High cluster area is centered on the Yangtze River Delta, and the Low-Low cluster area is located in Yunnan-Guizhou-Sichuan region and north Anhui region.