中国环境质量的时空格局及影响因素研究——基于污染和吸收两个视角

提升环境质量是经济高质量发展的重要内涵和必然要求。基于环境污染和环境吸收两个视角，在综合大气、土壤、水体三大环境要素测算环境污染指数和吸收指数的基础上，结合环境质量影响因素的地域差异性，采用SDM模型分析全国及各地区环境质量的影响因素和空间效应。研究表明：（1）环境质量的空间集聚特征明显，地域不平衡问题突出，环境恶化的趋势没有得到根本性扭转；（2）重工业比重偏高是造成环境质量低的最主要原因；（3）东部地区环境质量与经济发展逐渐趋于协调，但人口集聚给环境带来较大负面影响。中、西部地区“高投入、高耗能、高污染、低效率”的发展模式成为提升环境质量的掣肘。最后，针对不同地区发展特点提出“硬治理”与“软治理”融合的差异化环境治理路径。

Study on the Spatial Pattern and Influence Mechanism of Environmental Quality in China

Improving environmental quality is an important connotation and inevitable requirement for economic development with high quality. Based on the two perspectives of environmental pollution and environmental absorption, this paper USES SDM model to analyze the influencing factors and spatial effects of national and regional environmental quality based on the comprehensive assessment of environmental pollution index and absorption index based on the comprehensive atmospheric, soil and water environment factors. Research findings:(1) the spatial agglomeration features of environmental quality are obvious, regional imbalance is prominent, and the trend of environmental deterioration has not been fundamentally reversed; (2) high proportion of heavy industry is the main reason for low environmental quality; (3) the environmental quality and economic development in the eastern region gradually tend to be coordinated, but the population agglomeration has brought great negative impacts on the environment. The development mode of “high investment, high energy consumption, high pollution and low efficiency” in central and western regions has become a constraint to improve environmental quality. Finally, according to the characteristics of different regions, this paper puts forward the differentiated environmental governance path of the integration“hard governance” and “soft governance”.