家庭生命周期对农户农地转出行为的影响研究——基于秦巴山区农户调查数据的实证分析

根据家庭生命周期理论内涵与外延，利用秦巴山区456户微观样本，运用统计分析法和Heckman两阶段模型，分析家庭生命周期对农户农地转出行为的影响。研究发现：家庭生命周期对农户农地转出行为有显著影响；处于不同家庭生命周期阶段的农户农地转出行为的影响因素存在差异。从人力资本来看，良好的劳动力健康状况不利于赡养期家庭参与农地转出，非农就业率对抚养期、负担期家庭参与农地转出有显著正向影响；从农户认知来看，限制农地用途，了解流入方，村委会推动、政府主导型转出均在不同程度上增加各阶段农户转出农地的可能性；对于拥有较多非农就业机会的抚养期和负担期家庭而言，农地确权通过强化地权稳定性促使其转出农地并外出务工。因此，在实践中执行农地流转政策时，应采取精准的农地转出激励措施，差别化对待不同生命周期的家庭。

Study on the Effect of Family Life Cycle on Farmers’Farmland Transfer Behavior——An Empirical Analysis Based on Survey Data of Farmers in Qinba Mountain Area

According to the connotation and extension of family life cycle theory, 456 micro-samples in Shaanxi area of Qinba Mountain Area were used to analyze the impact of family life cycle on farmers’ farmland transfer behavior by using statistical analysis and Heckman two-stage model. The conclusions are as follows: the family life cycle has a significant impact on the farmer's farmland transfer behavior. Furthermore, the influencing factors of rural family land transfer at different stages of life cycle are different. From the perspective of human capital,a good labor health condition is not conducive to the participation of families in the support period in the conversion of farmland. Non-agricultural employment rate has a significant positive impact on family participation in farmland transfer during the dependence period and the burden period. From the perspective of farmers' perception, restricting the use of farmland, understanding the inflow side, the promotion of the village committee and the government-led transfer have increased the possibility of farmers transferring farmland at different stages to varying degrees. For families with more non-agricultural employment opportunities during the dependence period and the burden period, the confirmation of farmland rights promotes the transfer of farmland and the work of migrant workers by strengthening the stability of land rights. Therefore, when implementing the farmland transfer policy in practice, accurate farmland transfer incentives should be adopted to differentiate households with different life cycles.