Applying integrated assessment methodologies to air quality plans: Two European cases |
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| Institution: | 1. CESAM, Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;2. VITO, Flemish Institute for Technological Research, B-2400, Mol, Belgium;3. Brussels Environment, B-3000, Brussels, Belgium;4. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;5. TerrAria s.r.l., Milan, Italy;1. Department of Economic and Legal Studies – University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, 38, 80133 Naples, Italy;2. Department of Philosophical, Pedagogical and Economic-Quantitative Sciences. University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara. Viale Pindaro, 42, 65127 Pescara, Italy;3. Department of Philosophical, Pedagogical and Economic-Quantitative Sciences. University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Viale Pindaro, 42, 65127 Pescara, Italy;1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos st. 8, 44404 Kaunas, Lithuania;2. Departament of Drug Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu str. 4, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania;3. Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology, Sauletekio av. 15, 10224 Vilnius, Lithuania;1. Institute for Environmental Sciences, The University of Geneva, Switzerland;2. Department of Physics, The University of Geneva, Switzerland;3. Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Geneva, Switzerland;4. Dendrolab.ch, University of Bern, Switzerland;1. Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées (ENPC), France;2. Ecole d’Urbanisme de Paris, Université Paris Est Créteil, France;3. Utrecht University, The Netherlands;4. Radboud University, The Netherlands;5. University of Antwerp, Belgium |
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| Abstract: | Air pollution Integrated Assessment Models (IAM) can be used for determining how emissions should be reduced to improve air quality and to protect human health in a cost-efficient way. The application of IAM is also useful to spread information to the general public and to explain the effectiveness of proposed Air Quality Plans. In this paper, the application of the RIAT+ system to determine suitable abatement measures to improve the air quality at a regional/local level is presented for two European cases: the Brussels Capital Region (Belgium) and the Porto Urban Area (Portugal). Both regions are affected with PM10 or NO2 concentrations that exceed the limit values specified by the European Union legislation. To properly assess air quality abatement measures a surrogate model was used, allowing the implementation of an efficient optimization procedure. This model is derived in both cases through a set of simulations performed using a Chemistry Transport Model fed with different emission reduction scenarios. In addition, internal costs (due to the implementation of emission reduction measures) and external costs (due to population exposure to air pollutant concentrations) of policy options were considered. The application of this integrated assessment modelling system in scenario (Brussels case) and optimization (Porto) modes contributes to identifying some advantages and limitations of these two approaches and also provides some guidance when urban air quality has to be assessed. |
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| Keywords: | Urban air quality planning Local integrated assessment Emission reduction scenarios Surrogate model Cost-benefit |
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