The social and spatial distribution of temperature-related health impacts from urban heat island reduction policies |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Global Health Institute, 1070 Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, United States;2. University of Wisconsin-Madison, Nelson Institute for Environmental Studies, Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment, United States;3. Georgia Institute of Technology, School of City and Regional Planning, Atlanta, GA, United States;4. Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Atlanta, GA, United States;1. State Key Lab of Urban Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Beijing 100085, PR China;2. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Engineering, Beijing 100125, PR China;3. Digital Agriculture & Global Disasters Division, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, CAS, 100094 Beijing, PR China;1. School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, China;2. Department of Building, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Canada;1. Ground Construction Ltd., One Oaks Court, Warwick Road, Borehamwood, Herts WD6 1GS, UK;2. School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Cockcroft Building, Brighton, East Sussex BN2 4GJ, UK;3. NewSchool of Architecture and Design, 1249 F Street, San Diego, CA 92101, USA;1. School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Yale University, CT, USA;2. Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University, China;2. Heat Island Group, Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada;3. Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Cities are developing innovative strategies to combat climate change but there remains little knowledge of the winners and losers from climate-adaptive land use planning and design. We examine the distribution of health benefits associated with land use policies designed to increase vegetation and surface reflectivity in three US metropolitan areas: Atlanta, GA, Philadelphia, PA, and Phoenix, AZ. Projections of population and land cover at the census tract scale were combined with climate models for the year 2050 at 4 km × 4 km resolution to produce future summer temperatures which were input into a comparative risk assessment framework for the temperature-mortality relationship. The findings suggest disparities in the effectiveness of urban heat management strategies by age, income, and race. We conclude that, to be most protective of human health, urban heat management must prioritize areas of greatest population vulnerability. |
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| Keywords: | Urban heat island Climate change Urban adaptation Green area ratio Heat-related mortality Climate justice |
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