矿山复垦土壤典型元素时空变化研究

在抚顺矿区矸石回填复垦还田生态重建试验区,利用网格布点取样法采集不同覆土类 型、不同土壤深度、不同覆土时间的土壤样品,对矿山复垦土壤的营养元素和重金属元素的 时空变化进行了研究.结果表明,矸石回填覆土后,营养元素含量在覆土初期恢复较快,覆土中 重金属元素含量呈逐年递减趋势;施(培)肥造成了重金属元素和营养元素含量表层高于30cm 层和60cm层;覆土中重金属元素主要来源于外界输入; 矸石母质中的重金属不存在对覆土耕 作层的污染问题.

The space-time variation of the typical elements content in covering soil of coal mine reclamation area.

Mesh spot pattern is employed for sampling covering soil at ecological environment recovering test field, which is reclamation area filled by coal mining wastes for cropland in the coal mine area of Fushun. The samples are taken of different soil kind, different soil depth and different covering age. The space-time variation of nutrient elements and heavy metal elements content in the reclamation soil are studied. The results indicate that the content of nutrient elements in the covering soil is recovered quickly at primary period after reclamation, and the content of heavy metal elements is decreasing following the time; the contents of nutrient and heavy metal elements at 60cm and 30cm depth layer are higher than that of surface because of the fertilizer and manure application; the metal elements mainly come from external environment; and there is no pollution problem in plough layer of the covering soil coming from the metal of mother material (coal mining wastes).