汛期尾矿坝溃坝事故树分析

根据汛期尾矿坝溃坝的一些典型事例,概括出了导致尾矿坝溃坝的基本事件,应用事故树分析中的最小割集、最小径集及结构重要度,对汛期尾矿坝溃坝事故进行了研究,结果表明,可以选择由滑坡量大、超出正常设计的降雨、未采取有效的排洪措施、大于设计烈度的地震4个事件构成的最小径集作为控制汛期尾矿坝溃坝事故发生的途径,未采取有效的排洪措施是这一途径中的控制重点,可以通过修复或增设排洪设施,汛前降低库水位等措施来实现,这对指导尾矿坝防洪渡汛有重要意义。

FAULT TREE ANALYSIS OF TAILINGS DAM BREAK DURING FLOOD SEASON

Based on several typical examples of tailings dam break during flood season, the relevant basic events of tailings dam break,such as seismic intensity beyond the designing value and ineffective discharging flood measures, are summed up. Accordingly, the accident of tailings dam break during flood season is studied by applying fault tree analysis that includes minimum cut sets, minimum path sets and structure importance. The results show a minimum path sets which consists of a big landslide, rainfall beyond normal design, ineffective discharging flood measures and seismic intensity beyond the designing value. These factors can be selected to act as approaches to control tailings dam break during flood season. The controlling emphasis, which is on the basis of the scientific understanding of the ability and the position of discharging flood of tailings reservoir, is ineffective discharging flood measures that can be realized by renovating or adding discharging flood establishment and taking from the water level of the tailings reservoir before flood season, etc. It is concluded that putting the emphasis on taking effective discharging flood measures is the key to flood prevention in flood season. And it has an important significance to guide flood prevention in flood season.