“三生”视角下的城市空间功能变化及调控路径——以长沙市为例

认知快速城镇化背景下城市空间生产、生活和生态功能的变化规律既是人文-经济地理学研究的重要内容，也是城市国土空间开发及其格局优化的内在依据。以长沙都市区为实证区，以遥感影像、城市土地利用调查数据等为主要数据源，选取2000、2009、2016年为研究时间节点，基于土地主体功能的差异构建“三生”功能评价体系，采用空间自相关、冷热点分析和样带分析等方法，探究长沙市“三生”功能的变化特征并提出调控路径。结果表明：（1）长沙都市区整体的生产、生活功能持续强化，但生态功能有所减弱；（2）长沙都市区内部“三生”功能强弱亦发生变化，不同功能空间重组，“三生” 功能的均衡性提高；（3）长沙都市区“三生”综合功能水平持续提升，高水平区域逐渐向城市中心集聚，呈现单核集聚→单核集聚-多核分散→网络均衡化的城市功能空间结构发展模式，但“三生”功能空间单元变化模式各异；（4）应从“三生”功能用地结构的“质”与“量”两方面对长沙都市区空间格局进行综合调控。

Urban Spatial Function Change and Regulation Path from the Perspective of “Production-Living-Ecological”：Taking Changsha City as An Example

Understanding the changing laws of urban space production, life and ecological functions under the background of rapid urbanization is not only an important part of human-economic geography research, but also an intrinsic basis for urban land space development and its pattern optimization. This paper takes Changsha Metropolitan Area as the empirical area, takes remote sensing image and urban land use survey data as the main data sources, selects 2000, 2009 and 2016 as the research time nodes, and builds the “production-living-ecological” function evaluation system based on the differences of land main functions. Using spatial autocorrelation, cold hot spot analysis and sample band analysis, the characteristics of Changsha’s “production-living-ecological” function are explored and the regulatory path is proposed. The results show that: (1) The overall production and living functions of the Changsha metropolitan area continue to strengthen, but the ecological function has been weakened; (2) The strength of the “production-living-ecological” function within the Changsha metropolitan area has also changed, and the functional space has been reorganized. The balance of functions of students is improved; (3) The comprehensive function level of “production-living-ecological” in Changsha urban area continues to improve, and high-level areas gradually gather in urban centers, showing single-core agglomeration→single-core agglomeration-multi-core dispersion→network equalization Functional space structure development model, but the “production-living-ecological” functional space unit change mode is different; (4) The spatial pattern of the Changsha metropolitan area should be comprehensively regulated from the aspects of “uality” and “quantity” of the “production-living-ecological” functional land use structure.