废旧线路板中贵金属湿法浸出技术研究进展

废旧线路板(WPCB)的数量逐年增长,妥善处理废旧线路板不仅体现其回收利用价值,并且具有可观的环境效益.湿法处理废旧线路板工艺成熟,具有流程短、效率高的优点.本文综述了废旧线路板中贵金属(主要以金为例)浸出方法的研究状况,并从效率、环境影响、成本等方面对不同方法进行了比较.分析表明,硫脲法和碘化法浸出效率高、环境影响小、成本可控,是较优的浸出方法.合理、有效地处置废旧线路板,减少处置过程中的环境污染并高效回收贵金属,需要考虑不同方面的因素,多种浸出与富集回收方法共同使用,以达到最佳贵金属回收效果.

Research progress of hydrometallurgy technology for leaching precious metals in waste printed circuit board

The number of waste printed circuit boards(WPCB)is increasing year by year,and proper disposal of waste printed circuit boards not only reflects its recycling value,but also has considerable environmental benefits.Hydrometallurgy processing of WPCB technology is mature,with the advantages of short process,high efficiency.This article summarized the leading-edge reports of leaching methods of precious metals(mainly taking Au as an example)in WPCB,and compared these methods from the aspects of efficiency,environmental impact,and cost evaluation.The analysis showed that thiourea method and the iodization method were the best leaching methods with high leaching efficiency,low environmental impact and controllable cost.It was proposed that reasonable and effective disposal of WPCB,reduction environmental pollution in the process of disposal and efficient recovery of precious metals.It is necessary to consider different factors and use different leaching and enrichment recovery methods together to achieve the best recovery effect of precious metals.