社会资本对农户保护性耕作技术采用的影响及区域差异研究——基于技术认知的中介效应分析

利用黄土高原1 237户农户的调查数据，以少免耕技术为例，分析了社会资本5个维度对黄土高原农户保护性耕作技术采用的影响，并检验了技术便利性认知、技术效果认知和技术风险认知的中介效应。结果表明，社会资本和技术认知对农户少免耕技术采用的影响存在明显的区域差异，其中山西省农户的社会信任、社会参与、社会声望和社会规范对农户少免耕技术采用有直接的正向影响；技术便利性认知在社会参与、社会声望和社会规范对技术采用的影响发挥了中介效应；技术效果认知在社会声望对技术采用的影响中发挥了中介效应；技术风险认知在社会信任、社会声望和社会规范对技术采用的影响中发挥了中介效应。陕西省农户的社会信任和社会规范对少免耕技术采用有直接的正向影响；技术便利性认知在社会信任和社会规范对技术采用的影响中发挥了中介效应；技术效果认知在社会信任对技术采用的影响中发挥了中介效应；技术风险认知在社会信任和社会规范对技术采用的影响中发挥了中介效应。甘肃省农户的社会网络、社会声望和社会规范对少免耕技术采用有直接的正向影响；技术便利性认知在社会规范对技术采用的影响中发挥了中介效应；技术风险认知在社会网络和社会规范对技术采用的影响中发挥了中介效应；技术效果认知为完全中介。

Effects of Social Capital on Farmers′ Conservation Tillage and Regional Differences-intermediate Effect Analysis Based on Technical Cognition

Using the survey data of 1237 households in Loess Plateau, with moderate or non-tillage technology as an example, we analyze the five dimensions of social capital which influence farmers adopting conservation tillage technology, and then verify the intermediate effect of technology convenience cognition, technology effect cognition and technology risk cognition.The results showed that the influence of social capital and technology cognition on the adoption of moderate or non-tillage technology by farmers was significantly different in different regions. In Shanxi, Social trust, social participation, social prestige and social norms have a direct positive impact on farmers' adoption of moderate or non-tillage technology;technology convenience cognition plays an intermediary role in the influence of social participation, social prestige and social norms on technology adoption; technology effect cognition plays an intermediary role in the influence of social prestige on technology adoption; technology risk cognition plays an intermediary role in the influence of social trust, social prestige and social norms on technology adoption.In Shaanxi,Social trust and social norms have a direct positive impact on the adoption of moderate or non-tillage technology; technology convenience cognition plays an intermediary role in the impact of social trust and social norms on technology adoption; technology effect cognition plays an intermediary role in the impact of social trust on technology adoption; technology risk cognition plays an intermediary role in the impact of social trust and social norms on technology adoption Intermediary effect. In Gansu,the social network, social reputation and social norms of farmers have a direct positive impact on the adoption of moderate or non-tillage technology; technology convenience cognition plays an intermediary effect in the influence of social norms on technology adoption; technology risk cognition plays an intermediary effect in the influence of social networks and social norms on technology adoption;technology effect cognition is a complete intermediary.