向家坝工程扰动区不同修复类型边坡土壤养分及土壤酶活性特征

土壤养分和土壤酶活性是土壤质量评价的重要指标，为明确向家坝工程扰动区不同修复类型边坡土壤养分及土壤酶活性特征，该研究以向家坝工程扰动区4种不同类型的人工恢复边坡：植被混凝土（CBS）、厚层基材（TBS）、客土喷播（OSS）、框格梁（FBS）为研究对象，以天然林（NF）边坡为对照，测定分析土壤养分含量、土壤酶活性及其相关关系。结果表明：（1）4种人工恢复边坡土壤pH均高于NF，且均属碱性；（2）CBS、TBS土壤全量养分和土壤速效磷含量均显著高于OSS、FBS和NF；TBS显示出土壤氮营养的明显优势、CBS显示出土壤磷营养的明显优势；（3）人工恢复样地土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶酶活整体高于NF；OSS、FBS土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、纤维素酶和磷酸酶活性差异均不显著；（4）TBS当前状态接近接近NF；OSS、FBS在土壤养分和土壤酶活性两方面均呈现较大的相关性。综上，CBS、TBS两种人工恢复手段对于向家坝工程扰动边坡土壤养分持续性和土壤酶活性影响较好，TBS发展趋近天然林，OSS、FBS对于土壤酶活性影响积极，但养分累积效果稍差。

Characteristics of Soil Nutrients and Soil Enzyme Activitiesin Different Restoration Models of Xiangjiaba Project

Soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities are important indicators of soil quality evaluation. In order to clarify the characteristics of soil nutrients and soil enzyme activities of restored slopes in disturbed area of Xiangjiaba Project, four types of artificial restoration slopes were studied: vegetation concrete (CBS), thick base material (TBS), outside soil soil spraying (OSS) and frame beams soil covering (FBS). The soil nutrient content, soil enzyme activities and their correlations were measured and analyzed with natural forest (NF) slope as control. The results showed that: (1) soil pH of the four artificial restoration slopes was higher than that of NF; (2) soil total nutrients and available phosphorus contents of CBS and TBS were significantly higher than those of OSS, FBS and NF; TBS showed obvious advantages of soil nitrogen nutrition, CBS showed obvious advantages of soil phosphorus nutrition; the overall nutrient levels of OSS and FBS were lower; (3) the activities of invertase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase were higher than those of NF in artificial restoration plots, while there were no significant differences in soil urease, invertase, cellulase and phosphatase activities between OSS and FBS; (4) the current status of TBS was close to NF; OSS and FBS showed significant correlation in soil nutrient and soil enzyme activity as well. In summary, CBS and TBS had better effects on soil nutrient persistence and soil enzyme activities of disturbed slope of Xiangjiaba Project and TBS was moving in the direction of the development tendency of NF, while OSS and FBS had positive effects on soil enzyme activities but relatively poor impact on nutrient accumulation.