成渝经济区生物多样性空间分异特征

以区(县)为评价单元,采用野生动物丰富度、野生维管束植物丰富度、生态系统类型多样性、物种特有性、外来物种入侵度、受威胁物种丰富度等评价指标,应用归一化处理方法,对成渝经济区148个区(县)的生物多样性进行了评价,以阐明区域生物多样性空间分布规律. 归一化处理时修正了野生维管束植物丰富度、野生动物丰富度、物种特有性、受威胁物种丰富度4个指标的最大值. 结果表明:成渝经济区中12个区(县)的生物多样性等级为高,71个区(县)为中,55个区(县)为一般,10个区(县)为低. 生物多样性较丰富的区域主要包括大巴山区、渝东南武陵山区、渝南金佛山、四面山、三峡库区、龙门山、川西南山地,而生物多样性较低的地区主要分布在成都平原、盆中丘陵平坝、渝西方山丘陵、川东平行岭谷等区域. 评价结果表明成渝经济区生物多样性的空间分异特征明显. 

Characteristics of Biodiversity Spatial Differentiation in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone

By taking counties as the basic assessment units and using six assessment indicators (diversity of ecosystem types, degree of invasion of invasive alien species, richness of wild animals, richness of wild vascular plants, species endemism, and richness of the threatened species), the biodiversity in 148 counties of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone was evaluated, and the spatial distribution of biodiversity was demonstrated. The maximum values for the richness of wild animals, richness of wild vascular plants, species endemism and richness of the threatened species were revised after normalization. The results showed that the biodiversity was high in 12 of the 148 counties, moderate in 71 counties, medium-low in 55 counties, and lowest in the other 10 counties. The areas with higher biodiversity were mainly distributed in the regions of Daba Mountain, Wuling Mountain of southeastern Chongqing, Jinfo Mountain of southern Chongqing, Simian Mountain, Longmen Mountain and the mountainous areas of southwest Sichuan. The relatively poor biodiversity areas were mainly distributed in the Chengdu Plain, hilly regions and dam in the basin, western Chongqing Fangshan hilly regions, eastern Sichuan’s paralleled valley areas, and so on.