长江口邻近海域赤潮水体浮游植物光吸收特性分析

根据2013年8月对长江口邻近海域赤潮水体浮游植物优势物种及光吸收特性进行调查,在34个调查站位中,共10个站位发生赤潮,其中,6个站位发生硅藻赤潮,3个站位发生甲藻赤潮.赤潮水体和非赤潮水体浮游植物吸收系数变化很大,440 nm处吸收系数范围分别为0.199~0.832 m-1和0.012~0.109 m-1;而比吸收系数变化相对较小,440 nm处比吸收系数在赤潮和非赤潮水体的平均值分别为0.023 m2·mg-1和0.035 m2·mg-1.从赤潮水体向非赤潮水体过渡,大粒径浮游植物所占比例减小,小粒径浮游植物所占比例上升,打包效应减小,因而比吸收系数升高.浮游植物粒径指数的变化对440 nm和675nm处的比吸收系数变化的贡献可分别达到43%和25%.不同类型赤潮(如硅藻和甲藻赤潮)在浮游植物粒级结构接近的情况下吸收光谱仍具有明显差异,这是色素组成不同的结果.甲藻赤潮中硅甲藻黄素和叶绿素c2的浓度之和与叶绿素a浓度的比值大于硅藻赤潮,是甲藻在465 nm附近出现吸收肩峰的重要原因.

Phytoplankton Light Absorption Properties During the Blooms in Adjacent Waters of the Changjiang Estuary

Phytoplankton dominant species and their light absorption properties during the blooms occurred in August 2013 in adjacent waters of the Changjiang Estuary were analyzed. The results showed that phytoplankton blooms broke out in 10 out of 34 investigation stations, among which diatom blooms occurred in 6 stations while 3 stations were predominated by dinoflagellate. Phytoplankton absorption coefficients of both bloom and non-bloom waters exhibited large variations, with respective ranges of 0.199-0.832 m^-1 and 0.012-0.109 m^-1, while phytoplankton specific absorption coefficients spanned much narrower range, with the average values of bloom and non-bloom waters being 0.023 and 0.035 m²·mg^-1, respectively. When transitioned from bloom to non-bloom waters, the proportion of phytoplankton with larger cell size lowered while that of smaller phytoplankton elevated, causing a less extent of package effect and thus higher specific absorption coefficients. Distinctive absorption spectra were observed between different types of bloom (such as diatom and dinoflagellate blooms) with similar phytoplankton cell size, mostly attributed to distinctive accessory pigment composition. The ratios of diadinoxanthin and chlorophyll-c₂ concentrations to chlorophyll-a concentration in dinoflagellate blooms were higher than those in diatom blooms, which largely contributed to the shoulder peaks at 465 nm in dinoflagellate blooms.