自由表面流人工湿地微生物气溶胶研究

微生物气溶胶的种类、浓度和粒径分布与人类健康关系密切。采用MD8空气浮游菌采样仪和FA-1型6级筛孔撞击式空气微生物采样器,对人工湿地细菌和真菌气溶胶的数量和粒径分布进行研究。结果表明,人工湿地进水前,细菌和真菌气溶胶平均值较低,分别为64.0、126.0CFU/m3;进水后,细菌气溶胶平均值在6月26日达到最高,为2292.5CFU/m3,真菌气溶胶平均值在8月27日达到最高,为6200.0CFU/m3;易进入肺部的细菌和真菌(粒径为0.65～4.70μm)粒子数分别占粒子总数的22.2%～62.3%、54.2%～87.6%;空气细菌中值直径为1.88～4.13μm,空气真菌中值直径在3.00μm左右波动。空气细菌中革兰氏阳性菌明显多于革兰氏阴性菌,空气真菌主要为酵母菌、镰刀菌属、枝孢属、毛霉属、交链孢属、肉座菌属、枝霉属、青霉属和曲霉属。

Investigation of microbial aerosol in a full-scale surface flow constructed wetland

Concentration and particle size distribution of bacterial and fungal bio-aerosol in a full-scale surface flow constructed wetland were analyzed by using Airport MD8 and six-stage Andersen sampler. The results showed that the concentration of bacterial and fungal in constructed wetland before sewage flooding were 64.0 CFU/m~3 and 126.0 CFU/m~3 respectively. After flooded with the sewage, concentration of bacterial and fungal increased gradual-ly, the highest concentrations of bacterial and fungal were found at June and August. The median diameters of air-borne bacteria ranged from 1.88 to 4.13 μm; and the median diameters of fungal were about 3.00 μm. Microbial aerosol with the particle size range from 0.65 μm to 4.70 μm were easily entering the lungs, airborne bacteria and fungi of this size accounted for 22.2%-62.3% and 54.2%-87.6% of the total bio-aerosol. The fungi consisted chiefly by Yeast, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Mueor, Alternaria, Hypoerea, Thamnidium, Penicillium and Aspergillus. The quantity of gram-positive bacteria was obviously more than that of gram-negative bacteria.