番茄对污染土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的吸收累积特征

利用盆栽实验研究了番茄对污染土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)的吸收积累特征。结果表明,番茄根系、茎、叶和果实均可以吸收累积PAEs化合物,其含量与土壤污染程度成正相关;相同处理的番茄茎、叶和果实中邻苯二甲酸正丁酯(DBP)含量均高于邻苯二甲酸异辛酯(DEHP),而番茄根系中DBP的含量低于DEHP; 4个不同处理方式土壤中DBP和DEHP的残留量顺序均为:灭菌土壤组灭菌土壤种植番茄苗组未灭菌土壤组未灭菌土壤种植番茄苗组。无论是灭菌处理还是未灭菌处理,有番茄苗组土壤中PAEs含量均低于无番茄苗组,未灭菌土壤种植番茄苗组土壤中PAEs残留量最低,PAEs削减率高达96.39%,有番茄苗组微生物数量大于无番茄苗组。这些说明土壤中PAEs的削减是番茄植物和微生物协同作用的结果。

Characterization of Uptake and Accumulation of Phthalic Acid Esters by Tomato in the Polluted Soil

A plot experiment was conducted to investigate the characteristics of uptake and accumulation of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) by tomato. The results showed that PAEs can be absorbed by the roots, and then be translocated upwards to the above-ground part such as stems, leaves, and fruits. The concentrations of accumulated PAEs were positively related to their initial concentrations in the soils. The concentrations of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) in stem, leaf and fruit of tomatoes were higher than di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), while they were lower than those of DEHP in the roots. The residual PAE concentrations of the 4 groups were listed as sterilized unplanted tomato > sterilized planted tomato > non-sterilized unplanted tomato > non-sterilized planted tomato. The residual PAE concentrations of the planted tomato groups were lower than that of unplanted tomato groups, for both sterilized and non-sterilized treatments. The non-sterilized planted tomato group showed the lowest residual PAE concentrations, and the PAE dissipation reached 96.39%. The microorganism test showed that the populations of microorganisms in planted treatment were higher than that in the unplanted treatment. All the results indicated that the PAE dissipation in polluted soils was influenced by the synergistic reaction of tomato and microorganisms.