西昆仑山构造格架与成矿堆积环境

本文在对西昆仑山广布的岩浆岩尤其是花岗岩研究取得的成果基础上 ,结合区域构造、沉积建造等其它地质特征 ,再造了西昆仑山地质构造发展历程 ,进而研究了区内成矿堆积环境及其矿床地质特征。结果表明 ,西昆仑山经历了复杂的地质构造演化 ,是一条由北而南分别由加里东造山带、华力西造山带和燕山早期造山带组成的复合型造山带。区内存在以下 5种主要成矿堆积环境 :洋脊 (蛇绿岩 )成矿堆积环境 (塞浦路斯型含铜黄铁矿矿床 ,豆荚状铬、镍矿床 ) ,被动陆缘成矿堆积环境 (MVT铅锌矿床 ,Sedex型铅铜矿床 ) ,火山弧成矿堆积环境 (斑岩型铜矿床 ,黑矿型铜锌铅矿床 ,矽卡岩型铜铅锌多金属矿床 ) ,弧后盆地成矿堆积环境 (海底火山喷发沉积型铁铜金矿床 ,气液充填型铜金铁矿床 )和同碰撞成矿堆积环境 (伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床 ,伟晶岩型多金属银矿床 )

Tectonic framework and metallogenic-depositional environm ents in west Kunlun Mts

Based on our studies of magmatic rocks,especially granitoids widespreading in west Kunlun Mts., combining with the geological characteristics of regional tectonics and sedimentary formation,the geologic-tectonic evolution has been restored in this paper,and then the metallogenic-depositional environments and metallogenic-geologic features were studied. The results indicate that the west Kunlun Mts., undergoing the complicated geologic-tectonic evolution,is a compound orogenic belt consisting seperately of the Caledonian,Hercynian and early Yanshanian orogenic belt from north to South. There exist 5 metallogenic-depositional environments,i.e., ocean ridge(ophiolite) metallogenic-depositional environments(Cyprus type Cu-pyritic deposit,podiform Cr-Ni deposit),passive continental margin metallogenic-depositional environments (MVT Pb-Zn deposit,Sedex type Pb-Cu deposit), volcanic arc metallogenic-depositional environments (porphyry type Cu deposit,Kuroko type Cu-Pb-Zn deposit,skarn type Cu-Pb-Zn-polymetal deposit),back-arc basin metallogenic-depositional environments (seafloor volcanic eruption-sedimentary type Fe-Cu deposit, gas-liquid filling type Cu-Au-Fe deposit),syn-collision metallogenic-depositional environments (pegmatite type rare-metal deposit,pegmatite type polymetal-Ag deposit).