核电厂温排水融冰预测及影响评估

渤海辽东湾附近海域在严寒季节海冰分布广泛,核电厂向受纳海域排放的温排水带有大量乏热,将导致海域内水温升高而引起海冰融化。某核电厂址西侧海域有一斑海豹国家自然保护区,电厂温排水及其融冰效应可能影响斑海豹的生存、繁殖环境。文章根据核电厂温排水融冰模型对其融冰量的预测和环境影响分析,表明了电厂温排水对斑海豹保护区的影响是在较小范围内的。

Prediction of Sea Ice Melting and Environmental Impact Assessment by Thermal Effluent from Nuclear Power Plant

Sea ice is widely distributed in the vicinity of Liaodong Bay during winter.Thermal effluent discharged from nuclear power plant will carry large amount of heat into sea,leading to the rise of water temperature and thus the melting of sea ice around.A natural reserve is located near the power plant,where the protection species,spotted seals,can be found to survive and breed frequently in winter.Therefore,the raise of the water temperature and the melting of the sea ice may affect the survival and breeding of seals.In this paper,the model of the ice melting caused by the cooling water is given,and according to the ice melting rate predicted,it can be estimated that the environmental impact to spotted seals by the cooling water is in a low range.