基于产业调整的太湖流域生态环境优化探讨

以流域为单元进行水资源综合管理，是实现资源、环境与经济社会协调发展的重要途径. 产业调整能控制污染源的数量和种类，是区域环境治理的关键环节和有效手段. 从湖泊流域产业的特有结构分析出发，以太湖为例，分析了当前太湖流域环境问题、产生的原因及其存在的产业不合理性，探讨了点源污染、线源污染和面源污染的成因及其对污染总量的贡献、治理方案并加以对比分析；探讨了湖泊流域产业调整和优化对区域生态环境的改善及污染控制治理中的作用，基于污染总量恒定或稳步下降、经济发展速度不变的情况下，对流域产业升级和优化调整提出了具体的产业结构和政策，这对指导湖区流域可持续发展具有一定的理论意义和实践价值. 

Optimization of Ecological Environment on the Tai Lake Basin Based on Industrial Adjustment

It is an important way of realizing coordinated development of resources, environment and economic society to carry out integrated water resources management of watershed as a unit. Industrial adjustment is a critical condition and effective means for controlling amount and types of pollution. Taking Tai Lakeas an example and starting from analysis of unique structure of industries of the lake basin, current environmental problems, the causes and the industrial structure irrationality in the Tai Lake Basin were analysed. Reasons of line sourcepollution and non-point source pollution and their contributions to the total pollutant amount were studied, and the role of industrial structural adjustment and optimization in improvement of the regional ecological environment and pollution control discussed. Based on the total pollution amount at constant or declining steadily and the economic development rate unchanged, the industrial structure and policy for industrial upgrading and optimization in the lake basin were made, which will help achieve the sustainable development of the lake region basin.